10-K: Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)
Published on June 28, 2018
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
☑ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 |
OR
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File Number 001-14505
KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware | 95-2623879 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | |
1900 Avenue of the Stars, Suite 2600, Los Angeles, California | 90067 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
(310) 552-1834
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, and emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☑ | Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-accelerated filer ☐ | Smaller reporting company ☐ | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | ||||||
Emerging growth company ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
The number of shares outstanding of our common stock as of June 21, 2018 was 56,521,614 shares. The aggregate market value of the registrants voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on October 31, 2017, the last business day of the registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter, (assuming that the registrants only affiliates are its officers, directors and 10% or greater stockholders) was approximately $2,140,950,087 based upon the closing market price of $41.83 on that date of a share of common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
Documents incorporated by reference
Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement for its 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled to be held on September 26, 2018 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
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Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2018
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About Korn Ferry
Korn/Ferry International (referred to herein as the Company, Korn Ferry, or in the first person notations we, our, and us) is a global organizational consulting firm. We opened our first office in Los Angeles in 1969 and currently operate in 106 offices in 52 countries. We deliver our solutions on a global basis, wherever our clients do business. As of April 30, 2018, we had 7,643 full-time employees, including 1,392 consultants (541 Executive Search, 577 Hay Group (formerly known as Leadership & Talent Consulting (Legacy LTC) which was combined with HG (Luxembourg) S.à.r.l (Legacy Hay) in December 2015), and 274 Futurestep) who are primarily responsible for client services. Our clients include many of the worlds largest and most prestigious public and private companies, middle market and emerging growth companies, as well as government and nonprofit organizations. We have built strong client loyalty with 88% of our assignments performed during fiscal 2018 on behalf of clients for whom we had conducted assignments in the previous three fiscal years. We have made significant investments in our business that have strengthened our intellectual property, enhanced our geographical presence, added complementary offerings to deepen client relationships and broadened our capabilities around talent strategy, assessment, development and rewards. We were originally formed as a California corporation in November 1969 and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in fiscal 2000.
On June 12, 2018, the Companys Board of Directors approved a plan (the Plan) to go to market under a single, master brand architecture and to simplify the Companys organizational structure by eliminating and/or consolidating certain legal entities and implementing a rebranding of the Company to offer the Companys current products and services using the Korn Ferry name, branding and trademarks. In connection with the Plan, the Company intends to sunset all sub-brands, including Futurestep, Hay Group and Lominger, among others. The Company is harmonizing under one brand to help accelerate the firms positioning as the preeminent organizational consultancy and bring more client awareness to its broad range of talent management solutions. While the rebranding will not impact the Companys segment financial reporting, starting in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company will rename its Hay Group segment as Korn Ferry Advisory and its Futurestep segment as Korn Ferry RPO and Professional Search. The Companys Executive Search segment will remain unchanged. In connection with the Plan, the Company also intends to pursue a holding company reorganization as discussed in further detail below under KF Merger. Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion of the Companys business in this Item 1 describes the Companys business as currently operated and does not give effect to any changes that may be implemented as a result of the rebranding plan. The Company intends to update this discussion in its 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K to reflect any changes implemented as of such time as a result of the Plan.
The Korn Ferry Opportunity
Rallied around our vision to be the preeminent organizational consulting firm, at Korn Ferry, we are pursuing an ambitious strategy that will help us to focus relentlessly on clients and collaborate intensively across the organization. This approach builds on the best of our past and gives us a clear path to the future with focused initiatives to increase our client and commercial impact.
Korn Ferry is transforming how clients address their spectrum of talent management needs. We have evolved from a mono-line business to a global organizational consulting firm and in the process are giving our consultants more opportunities to engage with clientsbeyond our iconic talent acquisition offering.
The essence of our belief is that both Korn Ferry and our clients can be more than. We view it as a state of mind, an attitude, for how we live and interact with each other and our clients every day. Being more than makes a differenceto us, and more importantly, to our clients. More than reflects the vast expertise we bring to our clients. This is the opportunity to bring our services, solutions and products backed by rich intellectual property to our clients, inspiring and motivating individuals, teams, even entire organizations. This is how we bring companies strategies to life, unite boardrooms and workforces, unlock potential, realize ambitions and change lives.
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While most organizations can develop a sound strategy, they often struggle with how to make it stick. That is where we come in: synchronizing an organizations strategy with its talent to drive superior performance. We help companies design their organizationthe structure, roles and responsibilitiesto seize these opportunities. As important, we help organizations select and hire the talent they need to execute their strategyand show them the best way to compensate, develop and motivate their people.
We do this through our five solution sets:
Organizational Strategy |
We map talent strategy to business strategy by designing operating models and organizational structures that align to them, helping organizations put their plans into action. We make sure they have the right people, in the right roles, engaged and enabled to do the right things. |
|||
Assessment and Succession |
We provide actionable, research-backed insights that allow organizations to understand the true capabilities of their people so they can make decisions that ensure the right leaders are readywhen and where they are neededin the future. | |||
Talent Acquisition |
From executive search to recruitment process outsourcing, we integrate scientific research with our practical experience and industry-specific expertise to recruit professionals of all levels and functions for client organizations. | |||
Leadership Development |
We activate purpose, vision and strategy through leaders at all levels and organizations. We combine expertise, science and proven techniques with forward thinking and creativity to build leadership experiences that help entry to senior level leaders grow and deliver superior results. | |||
Rewards and Benefits |
We help organizations align reward with strategy. We help them pay their people fairly for doing the right thingswith rewards they valueat a cost the organization can afford.
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About Our Intellectual Property and Technology
At the core of our service, solution and product delivery is deep intellectual property (IP) and research that allows us to deliver meaningful business outcomes for our clients.
The Korn Ferry Institute, our research and analytics arm, unites three areas: agile client execution; applied research and analytics; and breakthrough innovation. These teams work together to help business and public-sector leaders understand the key trends and drivers of human and organizational performance, so that they make better, science-based decisions on critical leadership, people, management and policy issues.
The Korn Ferry Institutes core IP data and assets include proprietary leadership assessment, recruitment and development models, emotional and social competencies, human motives and values, job grading, engagement and rewards systems. We integrate and build upon our unique data sets using advanced modeling and artificial intelligence (AI) to produce unique, predictive insights and deliver demonstrable client impact.
Our analytics are based on industry leading data sets which include six million assessments, profiles of eight million candidates, compensation data on twenty million professionals and engagement data on more than six million professionals.
At the highest level, the Korn Ferry Institute explores three themes:
1. | People, organization and technology innovation; |
2. | Data analytics for human and business performance; and |
3. | New demographic trends. |
In the fiscal year ahead, we will continue to integrate, harmonize and simplify our IP for greater leverage and business impact, with the goal of having one science-based engine underlying and empowering all our products and solutions.
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About Our Business Segments
Korn Ferry services, solutions, and products are delivered through the following business segments:
Executive Search: Korn Ferry Executive Search helps clients attract and hire leaders who fit in with their organization and make it stand out. The business is managed by geographical region leaders with a focus on recruiting board-level, chief executive and other senior executive positions for clients predominantly in the consumer, financial services, industrial, life sciences/healthcare provider, technology and educational/not-for-profit market sectors. We also have centers of functional expertise; our Board & CEO Services group, for example, focuses exclusively on placing CEOs and board of directors in organizations around the world. The relationships established by Executive Search allow us to add incremental value to our clients through the delivery of our other organizational consulting services and solutions.
Our Executive Search services concentrate on searches for positions with annual cash compensation of $300,000 or more, or comparable compensation in foreign locations. The industry is comprised of retained and contingency recruitment firms. Retained firms, such as Korn Ferry, typically charge a fee for their services equal to approximately one-third of the first-year annual cash compensation for the position being filled regardless of whether the position is filled. Contingency firms generally work on a non-exclusive basis and are compensated only upon successfully placing a recommended candidate.
Hay Group: Korn Ferry Hay Group is comprised of 3,454 of the worlds top leadership and organizational advisory consultants and thought leaders. Through our talented colleagues, robust solutions and world-class intellectual property that people use every day, our consultants are able to solve the most disruptive and challenging organizational and talent problems facing clients.
As a recognized advisory leader, we partner with many of the worlds most admired organizations because of our track record delivering successful outcomes, our ability to listen, and our insistence on putting our clients first. They depend on our products and platforms every day to connect our solutions to their business challenges. In essence, we help clients design their organizationthe structure, roles and responsibilitiesand show them the best way to compensate, develop and motivate their people. We deliver this through a combination of solutions consulting and product services that addresses how people work and shows how to nurture them so that strategies succeed. We capitalize on the breadth of our IP, service offerings and expertise to do what is right for the client. Services are delivered by an experienced team of consultants and include one of the richest and most comprehensive people data sets.
Futurestep: Korn Ferry Futurestep uses data-backed insight and IP, matched with strategic collaboration and innovative technology, to meet people challenges head-onand succeed. Our solutions span all aspects of Recruitment Process Outsourcing (RPO), Professional Search and Project Recruitment.
Our scalable, best-in-class approach to RPO allows our clients to attract top people while reducing expenses and time to hire. To us, RPO is more than just handing off the responsibilities of recruitment. Its about building a partnership, often through a co-sourced recruitment model, to discover and deliver the talent that will have the greatest impact on our clients business.
Korn Ferry Futurestep offers proven RPO services that are backed by years of experience and award-winning IP. Using a variety of tools, we look closely at each candidate, combining data from multiple recruitment systems to determine which candidates have the potential to match both a particular organization and a specific role. Our customizable end-to-end solutions combine recruiting expertise with state-of-the-art technology platforms and sophisticated methodologies to help clients streamline recruitment processes, enhance candidate experience, and improve quality of hire, ultimately impacting the long-term success of an organization. We see talent acquisition as a critical function of the business, one that impacts not just the bottom line but one that can also drive top line growth. Korn Ferry Futurestep also undertakes Project Recruitment. This solution focuses not on a single hire, nor on filling high-volume roles, but instead the area in between. Project recruitment addresses a specific talent acquisition need at a certain point in time.
Through our Professional Search capabilities, Korn Ferry Futurestep is uniquely positioned to help organizations identify and attract professionals at the middle to upper levels of management, in single-search engagements.
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We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). You may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SECs Public Reference Room at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-732-0330. Our reports, proxy statements and other documents filed electronically with the SEC are available at the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov.
We also make available, free of charge on the Investor Relations portion of our website at http://ir.kornferry.com, our annual, quarterly, and current reports, and, if applicable, amendments to those reports, filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such reports with, or furnish them to, the SEC at www.sec.gov.
We also make available on the Investor Relations portion of our website at http://ir.kornferry.com earnings presentations and other important information, which we encourage you to review.
Our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and the charters of the Audit Committee, Compensation and Personnel Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors are also posted on the Investor Relations portion of our website at http://ir.kornferry.com. Stockholders may request copies of these documents by writing to our Corporate Secretary at 1900 Avenue of the Stars, Suite 2600, Los Angeles, California 90067.
Industry Trends
In this competitive global economic environment, our clients are seeking new pathways to drive sustainable profitable growth. CEOs are increasingly demanding an agile workforce that can innovate and drive growth across borders. We believe Korn Ferry is uniquely positioned to help organizations synchronize their strategy with their talent to drive superior performance.
Consolidation of Solution ProvidersIn choosing recruitment and human resource service providers, we believe and see evidence to support that:
◾ | Companies are actively in search of preferred providers in order to create efficiencies and consolidate vendor relationships; |
◾ | Providers that can offer a full suite of organizational consulting products and solutions are becoming increasingly attractive; and |
◾ | Clients seek trusted advisors who understand their business and unique organizational culture in order to manage the multiple needs of their business on a global scale. |
Skills GapsThere are not enough highly skilled people coming into the labor market to fill open jobs. Particularly at the senior management levels, the available talent pool is inadequate. New leaders must step into bigger, more complex, and more global roles fasterand with less experiencethan their predecessors. Given this, learning agilityones ability to adapt the lessons learned from previous experiences, solve complex problems, manage amid ambiguity in a constantly changing world and drive changeis more important than ever. We believe employers will increasingly seek service providers who can help them find, develop and retain highly qualified, learning-agile talent to secure a competitive advantage.
Human Capital is One of the Top CEO ChallengesHuman capital challenges are found in all industries and sectors, among large and small companies, including those that are taking on the planets most pressing problems: sustainability, security, the environment, energy, transportation, food supply, clean water, and more. Tackling world-changing challenges requires far more than just best-in-class research and development and efficient production processes. More than ever, organizations need world-class talent motivated by a bigger vision. The people, the minds, the alliances and the culture that can create and then nurture innovative ideas are seen as central to the modern CEO agenda. In fact, according to The Conference Board, attracting and retaining talent is the single biggest challenge facing CEOs in 2018.
Talent AnalyticsCompanies are increasingly leveraging big data and predictive analytics to measure the influence of activities across all aspects of their business, including Human Resources (HR). They expect their
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service providers to deliver superior metrics and better ways of communicating results. The Korn Ferry Institutes core IP, data and assets allow us to determine the true drivers of leadership, performance and monitor how any individual or organization measures up. We possess several of the most robust HR databases in the world. These databases enable our clients to benchmark salaries, leadership potential, employee engagement, organizational culture and review other HR data by industry and by position at a global and country level.
Increased Outsourcing of Talent Acquisition FunctionsMore companies are focusing on their core competencies and choosing to outsource non-core functions to providers who can offer efficient, high-quality services. Third-party providers can apply immediate and long-term approaches for improving all aspects of talent acquisition. Advantages to outsourcing part or all of the recruitment function include:
◾ | Access to a diverse and highly qualified pool of candidates, which is refreshed on a regular basis; |
◾ | Reduction or elimination of the costs required to maintain and train an in-house recruiting department in a rapidly changing industry; |
◾ | Ability to use the workflow methodologies we have developed over tens of thousands of assignments, which allow clients to fulfill positions on a streamlined basis; |
◾ | Ability to quickly review millions of resumes and provide the right fit for the client; |
◾ | Access to the most updated industry and geographic market information; |
◾ | Access to cutting-edge search technology software and proprietary IP; and |
◾ | Ability to maintain management focus on core strategic business issues. |
Other Industry TrendsIn addition to the industry trends mentioned above, we believe the following factors will have a long-term positive impact on our industry:
◾ | Increasing demand for professionals with not just the right technical skills, but also the right leadership style, values and motivation to meet the specific requirements of the position and organizational culture; |
◾ | Decreasing executive management tenure and more frequent job changes; |
◾ | Retiring baby boomers, creating a skills gap in the workforce; |
◾ | Shifting balance of power towards the employee as more people take charge of their own careers, and the new norm of employee-driven development; |
◾ | Increasing importance of talent mobility in engaging and developing people within an organization; |
◾ | Increased attention to succession planning due to heightened scrutiny on CEOs, pressure to generate growth, shorter CEO tenures and the emphasis being placed on making succession planning a systemic governance process within global organizations; |
◾ | Executive pay and governance practices under more scrutiny than ever; |
◾ | The high turnover rate and varying high volume hiring needs commonly associated with the new shared economy; and |
◾ | Increasing focus on gender pay gap and the lack of women in senior roles. |
Growth Strategy
Our objective is to expand our position as the preeminent organizational consulting firm. In order to meet this objective, we will continue to pursue our strategy:
Drive an Integrated, Solutions-Based Go-to-Market Strategy
Our synergistic go-to-market strategy, bringing together all three of our business segments, is driving more integrated, scalable client relationships. This is evidenced by the fact that approximately 62% of our revenues come from clients that utilize multiple lines of business. To better compete in the market, we will evolve over time from our traditional line of business segmentation to integrated solutions and industries.
In an effort to gain operational efficiencies and drive superior performance, we expect that multinational clients will increasingly turn to strategic partners such as Korn Ferry that can manage their needs on a centralized basis. This will require vendors with a global network of offices and technological support systems to manage engagements across geographical regions. We established our Marquee Accounts program to act as a catalyst for change as we transform our Company from individual operators to an integrated solutions provider, in an effort to drive major global and regional strategic account development, as well as to provide a framework for all our client development activities.
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Our Marquee Accounts program now comprises 20% of our global fee revenues. A number of our Marquee accounts are managed by our newly hired account managers18 at April 30, 2018. In the year ahead, we will continue to grow and expand our account management activities. This includes driving consistent account selection, assignment, planning and execution; implementing account-based marketing efforts; optimizing the pipeline and opportunity process; and hiring additional dedicated account leaders.
Deliver Unparalleled Client Excellence
Korn Ferry continues to scale and more deeply embed our industry-leading IP within the talent management processes of our global clients. In addition to technology-enabled insights for our clients, we also continue to invest in productivity enhancers for our own colleagues, recognizing that as the way they work changes and becomes more global, we need to make them productive wherever they are and however they work. We are focused on the following key areas to drive our technology plan:
InnovationHuman capital management is quickly evolving, thanks to people with new profiles, new technologies and new organizational and working contracts. Korn Ferry is actively investing in some of these developments and closely monitors others to align our business models, capture significant growth opportunities and ultimately help shape the future of work.
Market innovations contribute to more accurate, faster, cost-effective and impactful business and human decisions. Our firm is well-positioned in that context. We have a unique set of assets that are critical to such decisions: deep science on organization and human motivation, data on talent, work and rewards, and proven products and solutions.
We are integrating these assets and combining them with enhanced computing and analytical power to remain a cutting-edge organizational consulting firm. Some key innovation initiatives include:
◾ | Core IP: Integration of talent and work IP into a single, science-based framework organized along identity (the deepest drivers of human behaviors), capabilities (what people know), and accountabilities (what characteristics of roles, responsibilities and outcomes). We expect to position this model to be a market gold-standard associated with individual and collective performance in traditional organizations as well as in open talent networks. This model will also fuel our advisory solutions such as mergers and acquisitions (M&A), diversity and inclusion (D&I) and digital transformation. |
◾ | Client analytics: Historically, Korn Ferry has developed solidyet traditionaltalent analytics for Marquee clients. We are now developing better correlations between human and business performance for more systematic monetization of client analytics and introduction to new clients. |
◾ | Advanced analytics: We are organizing our data and reports into always-on blended dashboards that will help clients make better decisions. We are also strengthening our AI-machine learning (AI-ML) capacity, initially to optimize recruitment (e.g., sourcing and matching of jobs and talents) and to scale pay-related demographics and data points. We will then use AI-ML to complement our science on individuals, teams and work, and identify the variables that best help transformation and predict talent and organizational results. |
IP Driven Tools and ServicesWe are leveraging all IP and technology and combining into a unified single platform to deliver assessments that allow clients to make faster, better talent decisions.
Our IP-driven tools and services are being utilized by our clients for everything from organizational development and job profiling to selection, training, individual and team development, succession planning and more. Our subscription services delivered online help us generate long-term relationships with our clients through large scale and technology-based HR programs on an annuity basis. We continue to seek ways to further scale our product offering to our global clients.
Within Executive Search our databases contain profiles of approximately five million executives to assist in identifying individuals with the right background, cultural fit and abilities. Through the search process, we leverage proprietary tools such as our Four Dimensional Executive Assessment and Executive Snapshot (incorporating Hay Groups industry standard job grading, job description and salary benchmark methodologies).
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Within Korn Ferry Hay Group, enhancements to our PayNet database and the launch of the new Korn Ferry Assessment Platform will allow us to embed analytics directly into our clients user experience, providing actionable insights.
New OfferingsMore than 150,000 consumers have visited Korn Ferry Advance, our new business-to-consumer offering, since it launched in the United States (the U.S.) in July 2017. We are expanding and enhancing the offering to provide more focused assistance to people looking to make their next career move, as well as to provide tailored career services to an organizations people. Korn Ferry Advance will continue to leverage cutting-edge technology as well as the greatest asset we haveour consultants.
In addition, we launched Korn Ferry Direct, our Client Platform Services product tailored for small and mid-sized businesses, and Consent Manager, a new enterprise tool to help clients manage their increasing responsibility for employee and candidate data privacy.
Productivity EnhancementsWe will make further investments into our global SAP platform, which was put in service in the early 2000s and configured to support an executive search business. As we grow and evolve the Company to a solution and industry orientation, we will ensure that we have the proper infrastructure and technology to deliver the appropriate data and information to efficiently and effectively manage the enterprise.
Extend the Korn Ferry Brand
Next to our people, the Korn Ferry brand is the strongest asset of the Company.
Positioning Korn Ferry as the preeminent global organizational consultancy and demonstrating our unique ability to drive business performance through people remains a key tenet of our global marketing program. Our objective is to improve awareness and perceptions of the evolved Korn Ferry across our key buyer segments (Board Directors, CEOs, Chief Human Resource Officers (CHRO) and the C-suite) and investor base. We are also extending our presence to a professional-level audience focused on advancing their careers. We have significantly enhanced our thought leadership and digital presence in support of these goals.
As we increasingly extend our brand, broaden our solutions and attract top talent to the firm, Korn Ferry is well positioned for the future.
Advance Korn Ferry as a Premier Career Destination
We continue to invest in building a world-class organization that is aligned to our strategy and is staffed by a capable, motivated and agile workforce. A few key initiatives in this area include:
◾ | Career Paths and MobilityWe have architected and will implement the new Korn Ferry career model across the entire business to define career paths, as well as to encourage talent mobility and self-directed development. |
◾ | OnboardingOur workforce has nearly doubled since fiscal 2015 and must continue to grow to deliver on our growth. To support this, we are providing a standardized, global onboarding experience for all Korn Ferry new hires using a common platform, materials and resources to ensure all new hires are effectively integrated into the Company with reduced ramp-up time to full productivity. |
◾ | Korn Ferry AcademyOur growth plans require a learning, agile organization. In fiscal 2018, we launched a new learning management system (The Korn Ferry Academy) to serve as a Center of Excellence focused on the growth and development of our colleagues through rich, personalized content. |
◾ | Succession and DevelopmentWe are working on aligning and building capabilities for our future needs. The process was initiated with the senior leadership team and we are now cascading it to additional levels of the Company, including emerging talent. |
Pursue Transformational Opportunities at the Intersection of Talent and Strategy
We have developed a core competency in identifying, acquiring and integrating M&A targets that have the potential to further our strategic objectives and enhance shareholder value. Our disciplined approach to M&A will continue to play a critical role in the ongoing evolution of Korn Ferry into an industry specialized, business outcomes oriented solutions provider at the intersection of talent and strategy. While we will continue to execute
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on our targeted organic growth pathways, M&A will be a vital component of our future growth and capital deployment strategies.
Our Services and Organization
Organization
The Company operates through its three global business segments: Executive Search, Hay Group, and Futurestep. Our Executive Search business is managed on a geographic basis throughout four regions: North America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA), Asia Pacific and Latin America. Hay Group and Futurestep are managed on a global basis with operations in North America, EMEA, Asia Pacific and Latin America.
We address our clients needs through our three business segments:
Executive Search
OverviewKorn Ferry Executive Search helps clients attract and hire leaders who fit with their organization and make it stand out. Our services are typically used to fill executive-level positions, such as board directors, chief executive officers, chief financial officers, chief operating officers, chief information officers, chief human resource officers and other senior executive officers.
As part of being retained by a client to conduct a search, we assemble a team of consultants with appropriate geographic, industry and functional expertise. We utilize a standardized and differentiated approach to placing talent that integrates our research-based IP with our practical experience. Our search consultants serve as management advisors who work closely with the client in identifying, assessing and placing qualified candidates. In fiscal 2018, we executed 6,325 new executive search assignments.
Industry SpecializationConsultants in our five global markets and regional specialty practice groups bring an in-depth understanding of the market conditions and strategic management issues faced by clients within their specific industries and geographies. We are continually looking to expand our specialized expertise through internal development and strategic hiring in targeted growth areas.
Percentage of Fiscal 2018 Assignments Opened by Industry Specialization
Global Markets: |
||||
Industrial |
31 | % | ||
Financial Services |
19 | % | ||
Life Sciences/Healthcare Provider |
17 | % | ||
Consumer |
16 | % | ||
Technology |
12 | % | ||
Regional Specialties (United States): |
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Education/Not-for-Profit
|
|
5
|
%
|
Functional ExpertiseWe have organized executive search centers of functional expertise, composed of consultants who have extensive backgrounds in placing executives in certain functions, such as board directors, CEOs and other senior executive officers. Our Board & CEO Services group, for example, focuses exclusively on placing CEOs and board directors in organizations around the world. This is a dedicated team from the most senior ranks of the Company. Their work is with CEOs and in the boardroom, and their expertise is organizational leadership and governance. They conduct hundreds of engagements every year, tapping talent from every corner of the globe. This work spans all ranges of organizational scale and purpose. Members of functional groups are located throughout our regions and across our industry groups.
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Percentage of Fiscal 2018 Assignments Opened by Functional Expertise
Board Level/CEO/CFO/Senior Executive and General Management |
|
69 |
% |
|
Marketing and Sales |
9 | % | ||
Finance and Control |
9 | % | ||
Information Systems |
6 | % | ||
Manufacturing/Engineering/Research and Development/Technology |
4 | % | ||
Human Resources and Administration
|
|
3
|
%
|
Regions
North AmericaAs of April 30, 2018, we had operations in 20 cities throughout the United States and Canada. In fiscal 2018, the region generated fee revenue of $408.1 million and opened 2,665 new engagements with an average of 248 consultants.
EMEAAs of April 30, 2018, we had operations in 24 cities in 19 countries throughout the region. In fiscal 2018, the region generated fee revenue of $173.7 million and opened 1,849 new engagements with an average of 154 consultants.
Asia PacificAs of April 30, 2018, we had operations in 18 cities in 10 countries throughout the region. In fiscal 2018, the region generated fee revenue of $96.6 million and opened 1,132 new engagements with an average of 95 consultants.
Latin AmericaAs of April 30, 2018, we had operations in 9 cities in 7 countries covering the entire Latin America region. In fiscal 2018, the region generated fee revenue of $30.6 million in fiscal 2018 and opened 679 new engagements with an average of 33 consultants.
Client BaseOur 3,773 Search engagement clients in fiscal 2018 include many of the worlds largest and most prestigious public and private companies.
CompetitionOther multinational executive search firms include Egon Zehnder, Heidrick & Struggles International, Inc., Russell Reynolds Associates and Spencer Stuart. Although these firms are our largest competitors in executive search, we also compete with smaller boutique firms that specialize in specific regional, industry or functional searches. We believe our brand name, differentiated business model, systematic approach to client service, cutting-edge technology, unique IP, global network, prestigious clientele, strong specialty practices and high-caliber colleagues are recognized worldwide. We also believe our long-term incentive compensation arrangements, as well as other executive benefits, distinguish us from most of our competitors and are important in attracting and retaining our key consultants.
Hay Group
OverviewKorn Ferry Hay Group helps clients design their organizationthe structure, roles and responsibilitiesand shows them the best way to compensate, develop and motivate their people. Our focus is on making change happen and helping people and organizations realize their potential.
Korn Ferry Hay Group is known for creating and owning the most widely used job evaluation methodology in the world. We have helped clients assess, select and develop hundreds of thousands of managers and executives. In addition, we have built the richest and most comprehensive database of organizational management information in the world, enabling our clients to benchmark themselves against the best performers in their industries.
We deliver a combination of solutions consulting and product services that address how people work, and how to nurture them so that business strategies succeed. We capitalize on the breadth of our IP, service offerings and expertise to do what is right for the clienttransforming ideas into actionable insights. Services are delivered by an experienced team of consultants and include one of the richest and most comprehensive people data sets. We have over 3,450 employees working in 88 cities in 50 countries. Our consultants are predominately recruited from local markets, so they are sensitive to local issues and have a deep understanding of them, but are also trained and work together in international teams to offer a truly global perspective.
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Hay Group has multiple offerings across assessment and succession, leadership development, organizational strategy, and rewards and benefits, which are enhanced, enabled and optimized through various products.
Assessment and Succession: We provide actionable, research-backed insight and products that allow organizations to understand the talent they have, benchmarked against the talent they need to deliver on the business strategy.
◾ | By tapping into our vast talent database, we isolate the vital leadership attributes needed to succeed by industry, business function, job level, business challenge, strategy, or geographic market. |
◾ | World-class assessment tools deliver deep insights on how individuals and the enterprise-wide talent pipeline compare with best-in-class profiles. |
◾ | We draw on the full breadth of Korn Ferrys people and organizational capabilities to close any gaps. |
Leadership Development: We develop leaders at every stage of the leadership journey, from first time manager to CEO, with leadership development experiences that are tightly aligned with succession and talent processes.
Our solutions are backed by world-class tools and techniques and delivered by hundreds of dedicated leadership development experts across the globe.
Organizational Strategy: Korn Ferry provides end-to-end support to organizations that want to transform their business. Strategy becomes operationalized by aligning the tangible elements of the organizationpeople, structure and processand the intangible elementsmotivations, relationships and culture.
Rewards and Benefits: We help organizations align reward with strategy, to pay their people fairly for doing the right thingswith rewards they valueat a cost the organization can afford. Our advice is backed by the quality and quantity of our pay data and a robust and widely used job evaluation methodology.
Solutions consulting fee revenue was $540.5 million, $497.7 million and $351.2 million in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Solutions consulting fee revenue represented 31%, 32% and 27% of the Companys total fee revenue in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
RegionsAs of April 30, 2018, we had Hay Group operations in 22 cities in North America, 36 in EMEA, 21 in Asia Pacific, and 9 in Latin America.
Client BaseDuring fiscal 2018, Hay Group partnered with approximately 11,000 clients across the globe and 16% of Hay Groups fiscal 2018 fee revenue was referred from Korn Ferrys Executive Search and Futurestep segments. Our clients come from the private, public and not-for-profit sectors, across every major industry and represent diverse business challenges.
CompetitionOur main competitors include firms like Aon Hewitt, Willis Towers Watson, Deloitte, McKinsey, Boston Consulting Group, Development Dimensions International, Center for Creative Leadership, Right Management, Mercer and CEB. Although these firms are our largest competitors, we also compete with smaller boutique firms that specialize in specific regional, industry or functional aspects of leadership and organizational consulting services.
Futurestep
OverviewKorn Ferry Futurestep uses data-backed insight and IP, matched with strategic collaboration and innovative technology to deliver solutions spanning all aspects of RPO, Professional Search and Project Recruitment.
RPO: In fiscal 2018, Korn Ferry Futurestep was recognized as a top five RPO provider in the 2017 Bakers Dozen list, marking its 11th consecutive year on the list. Through decades of experience, we have honed and refined our RPO solution to be as efficient as possible, keeping costs low and allowing clients to meet target time-to-hire goals without compromising on quality of candidate.
Through innovative sourcing and employer brand strategies, as well as the ability to leverage the Korn Ferry talent pool and comprehensive job market mapping, Korn Ferry Futuresteps RPO solution is equipped to source candidates from a broader network. Combined with our best-in-class assessments and behavior interviewing
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techniques, we can then determine which qualified candidates will be a culture fit for an organization. Futurestep combines traditional recruitment expertise with a multi-tiered portfolio of talent acquisition solutions. Futurestep consultants, based in 30 countries, have access to our databases of pre-screened, mid-level professionals. Our global candidate pool complements our international presence and multi-channel sourcing strategy to provide speed, efficiency and quality service for clients worldwide.
Futurestep Professional Search: We are uniquely positioned to help organizations identify and attract professionals at the middle to upper levels of management in single-search engagements. We focus on:
◾ Consumer |
◾ Education/Not-for-Profit |
|
◾ Financial Services |
◾ Finance & Accounting |
|
◾ Industrial |
◾ Human Resources |
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◾ Life Sciences/Healthcare |
◾ Sales, Marketing & Digital |
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◾ Technology
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◾ Supply Chain Management
|
Futurestep Project Recruitment: Korn Ferry Futuresteps Project Recruitment Solution delivers the right talent in the right numbers through a process that is seamless, stress-free and aligned with the broader talent acquisition strategy. We work closely with the organizations talent acquisition function to develop a recruitment strategy that is tailored to meet the needs of the business and designed to complement its culture. Our teams rely on proactive targeted sourcing, taking a direct approach with suitable candidates, and employing high-touch, in-depth candidate assessment and selection to deliver top talent on a timely basis, without compromising quality or efficiency.
RegionsAs of April 30, 2018, we had Futurestep operations in 13 cities in North America, 13 in EMEA, 18 in Asia Pacific, and 9 in Latin America.
Client BaseDuring fiscal 2018, Futurestep partnered with 1,903 clients across the globe and 42% of Futuresteps fiscal 2018 fee revenue was referred from Korn Ferrys Executive Search and Hay Group segments.
CompetitionFuturestep primarily competes for business with other RPO providers such as Cielo Talent, Alexander Mann Solutions, Hays, Kenexa, Spherion, KellyOCG and ADP, and competes for search assignments with regional contingency recruitment firms and large national retained recruitment firms.
Professional Staff and Employees
We have assembled a wealth of talent that is rewarded based on performance. Our Company brings together the best and brightest from a wide range of disciplines and professionseverything from academic research and technology development to executive recruiting, consulting, and business leadership. We are also a culturally diverse organization. Our people come from all over the world and speak a multitude of languages. For us, this diversity is a key source of strength. It means we have people who are able to challenge convention, offer unique perspectives, and generate innovative ideas. Equally important, it means we can think and act globallyjust like our clients.
As of April 30, 2018, we had a total of 7,643 full-time employees. Of this, 1,865 were Executive Search employees consisting of 541 consultants and 1,324 associates, researchers, administrative and support staff. Hay Group had 3,454 employees as of April 30, 2018, consisting of 577 consultants and 2,877 associates, researchers, administrative and support staff. Futurestep had 2,188 employees as of April 30, 2018, consisting of 274 consultants and 1,914 administrative and support staff. Corporate had 136 professionals as of April 30, 2018. We are not party to a collective bargaining agreement and consider our relations with our employees to be good. Korn Ferry is an equal opportunity employer.
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The following table provides information relating to each of our business segments for fiscal 2018. Financial information regarding our business segments for fiscal 2017 and 2016 and additional information for fiscal 2018 is contained in Note 11Business Segments, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Fee Revenue |
Operating Income (Loss) |
Number of Consultants as of April 30, 2018 |
||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Executive Search: |
||||||||||||
North America |
$ | 408,098 | $ | 100,037 | 254 | |||||||
EMEA |
173,725 | 26,768 | 163 | |||||||||
Asia Pacific |
96,595 | 18,425 | 92 | |||||||||
Latin America |
30,624 | 4,022 | 32 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total Executive Search |
709,042 | 149,252 | 541 | |||||||||
Hay Group |
785,013 | 100,939 | 577 | |||||||||
Futurestep |
273,162 | 39,363 | 274 | |||||||||
Corporate |
| (85,670 | ) | | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
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Total |
$ | 1,767,217 | $ | 203,884 | 1,392 | |||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
The following table provides information on fee revenues for each of the last three fiscal years attributable to the regions in which the Company operates:
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 (1) | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Fee Revenue: |
||||||||||||
United States |
$ | 778,470 | $ | 728,871 | $ | 669,585 | ||||||
Canada |
69,699 | 57,640 | 40,401 | |||||||||
EMEA |
537,654 | 445,681 | 343,460 | |||||||||
Asia Pacific |
292,823 | 249,077 | 187,631 | |||||||||
Latin America |
88,571 | 84,252 | 51,035 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
$ | 1,767,217 | $ | 1,565,521 | $ | 1,292,112 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Fee revenue from Legacy Hay was $186.8 million for the period from December 1, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition to April 30, 2016. |
Additional financial information regarding the regions in which the Company operates can be found in Note 11Business Segments, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
KF Merger
As discussed above, in connection with the Plan, the Company intends to pursue a holding company reorganization (the KF Merger), after which a new public holding company, Korn Ferry, will own all of the stock of the Company. The Company will initially form Korn Ferry as a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Then, pursuant to the KF Merger, the Company will merge with and into another newly formed entityMerger Sub, a Delaware corporation, and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Korn Ferry and indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Companywith the Company surviving as a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Korn Ferry and operating under the legal name Korn Ferry US. Each share of Company stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the KF Merger will be converted into an equivalent corresponding share of Korn Ferry stock, having the same designations, rights, powers and preferences and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions as the corresponding share of Company stock being converted. The Companys current stockholders will become stockholders of Korn Ferry upon the consummation of the KF Merger and will not recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the conversion of their shares.
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The Company plans to conduct the KF Merger pursuant to Section 251(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL), which permits the creation of a holding company through a merger with a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the constituent corporation without stockholder approval, to create a parent company holding structure. The Company will adopt an amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws upon the consummation of the KF Merger, which will also reflect the change of the name of the corporation to Korn Ferry US, as permitted by Section 251(g) of the DGCL. Following the consummation of the KF Merger and as part of the Plan, the Company intends to merge certain of its subsidiaries organized in the U.S. with and into Korn Ferry US.
The risks described below are the material risks facing our Company. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks.
Competition in our industries could result in our losing market share and/or require us to charge lower prices for services, which could reduce our revenue.
We compete for executive search business with numerous executive search firms and businesses that provide job placement services, including other large global executive search firms, smaller specialty firms and web-based firms. In recent years, we have also begun facing increased competition from sole proprietors and in-house human resource professionals whose ability to provide job placement services has been enhanced by professional profiles made available on the internet and enhanced social media-based search tools. The continued growth of the shared economy and related freelancing platform sites may also negatively impact demand for our services by allowing employers seeking services to connect with employees in real time and without any significant cost. Traditional executive search competitors include Egon Zehnder, Heidrick & Struggles International, Inc., Russell Reynolds Associates and Spencer Stuart. In each of our markets, one or more of our competitors may possess greater resources, greater name recognition, lower overhead or other costs and longer operating histories than we do, which may give them an advantage in obtaining future clients, capitalizing on new technology and attracting qualified professionals in these markets. Additionally, specialty firms can focus on regional or functional markets or on particular industries and executive search firms that have a smaller client base may be subject to fewer off-limits arrangements. There are no extensive barriers to entry into the executive search industry and new recruiting firms continue to enter the market. We believe the continuing development and increased availability of information technology will continue to attract new competitors, especially web-enabled professional and social networking website providers, and these providers may be facilitating a companys ability to insource their recruiting capabilities. Competitors in these fields include SMASHFLY, iCIMS, Yello, Indeed, Google for Jobs and Jobvite. As these providers continue to evolve, they may develop offerings similar to or more expansive than ours, thereby increasing competition for our services or more broadly causing disruption in the executive search industry. Further, as technology continues to develop and the shared economy continues to grow, we expect that the use of freelancing platform sites will become more prevalent. As a result, companies may turn to such sites for their talent needs, which could negatively impact demand for the services we offer.
The human resource consulting business has been traditionally fragmented and a number of large consulting firms, such as Ernst and Young, McKinsey, Willis Towers Watson and Deloitte are building businesses in human resource management consulting to serve these needs. These companies are significantly larger than Korn Ferry and have considerable resources at their disposal, allowing for potentially significant investment to grow their human resource consulting business. Increased competition, whether as a result of professional and social networking website providers, traditional executive search firms, sole proprietors and in-house human resource professionals (as noted above) or larger consulting firms building human resources consulting businesses, may lead to pricing pressures that could negatively impact our business. For example, increased competition could require us to charge lower prices, and/or cause us to lose market share, each of which could reduce our fee revenue.
The talent acquisition business, including RPO, project recruitment, professional search, talent consulting and employee communications is a highly competitive and developing industry with numerous specialists. Our Futurestep division primarily competes for business with other RPO providers such as Cielo, Alexander Mann
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Solutions, Kenexa, Spherion, and Kelly Services, and competes for mid-level professional search assignments with regional contingency recruitment firms and large national retained recruitment firms. In addition, some organizations have developed or may develop internal solutions to address talent acquisition that may be competitive with our solutions. To compete successfully and achieve our growth targets for our talent acquisition business, we must continue to support and develop assessment and analytics solutions, maintain and grow our proprietary database, deliver demonstrable return on investment to clients, support our products and services globally, and continue to provide consulting and training to support our assessment products. Our failure to compete effectively with our competitors could adversely affect our operating results and future growth.
Consolidation in the industries that we serve could harm our business.
Companies in the industries that we serve may seek to achieve economies of scale and other synergies by combining with or acquiring other companies. If two or more of our clients merge or consolidate and combine their operations, we may experience a decrease in the amount of services we perform for these clients. If one of our clients merges or consolidates with a company that relies on another provider for its services, we may lose work from that client or lose the opportunity to gain additional work. The increased market power of larger companies could also increase pricing and competitive pressures on us. Any of these possible results of industry consolidation could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
If we fail to attract and retain qualified and experienced consultants, our revenue could decline and our business could be harmed.
We compete with other executive and professional search and consulting firms for qualified and experienced consultants. These other firms may be able to offer greater compensation and benefits or more attractive lifestyle choices, career paths or geographic locations than we do. Attracting and retaining consultants in our industry is particularly important because, generally, a small number of consultants have primary responsibility for a client relationship. Because client responsibility is so concentrated, the loss of key consultants may lead to the loss of client relationships. In fiscal 2018, for example, our top three Executive Search and Hay Group consultants had primary responsibility for generating business equal to approximately 1% and 2% of our fee revenues, respectively, and our top ten Executive Search and Hay Group consultants had primary responsibility for generating business equal to approximately 3% and 4% of our fee revenues, respectively. This risk is heightened due to the general portability of a consultants business: consultants have in the past, and will in the future, terminate their employment with our Company. Any decrease in the quality of our reputation, reduction in our compensation levels relative to our peers or restructuring of our compensation program, whether as a result of insufficient revenue, a decline in the market price of our common stock or for any other reason, could impair our ability to retain existing consultants or attract additional qualified consultants with the requisite experience, skills and established client relationships. Our failure to retain our most productive consultants, whether in Executive Search, Hay Group or Futurestep, or maintain the quality of service to which our clients are accustomed as well as the ability of a departing consultant to move business to his or her new employer could result in a loss of clients, which could in turn cause our fee revenue to decline and our business to be harmed. We may also lose clients if the departing Executive Search, Hay Group or Futurestep consultant has widespread name recognition or a reputation as a specialist in his or her line of business in a specific industry or management function. We could also lose additional consultants if they choose to join the departing Executive Search, Hay Group or Futurestep consultant at another executive search or consulting firm. If we fail to limit departing consultants from moving business or recruiting our consultants to a competitor, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We may be limited in our ability to recruit candidates from our clients and we could lose those opportunities to our competition, which could harm our business.
Either by agreement with clients, or for client relations or marketing purposes, we sometimes refrain from, for a specified period of time, recruiting candidates from a client when conducting searches on behalf of other clients. These off-limit agreements can generally remain in effect for up to two years following the completion of an assignment. The duration and scope of the off-limit agreement, including whether it covers all operations of the client and its affiliates or only certain divisions of a client, generally are subject to negotiation or internal policies and may depend on factors such as the scope, size and complexity of the clients business, the length of the client
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relationship and the frequency with which we have been engaged to perform executive searches for the client. If a prospective client believes that we are overly restricted by these off-limit agreements from recruiting employees of our existing clients, these prospective clients may not engage us to perform their executive searches. Therefore, our inability to recruit candidates from these clients may make it difficult for us to obtain search assignments from, or to fulfill search assignments for, other companies in that clients industry. We cannot ensure that off-limit agreements will not impede our growth or our ability to attract and serve new clients, or otherwise harm our business.
We incur substantial costs to hire and retain our professionals, and we expect these costs to continue and to grow.
We may pay hiring bonuses and annual retention bonuses to secure the services of new hires and retain our professional employees. Those payments have taken the form of long-term deferred compensation, restricted stock, and unsecured cash payments in the form of promissory notes. The aggregate amount of these awards to employees is significant and we expect to continue issuing these types of long-term incentive awards.
If we are unable to retain our executive officers and key personnel or integrate new members of our senior management who are critical to our business, we may not be able to successfully manage our business in the future.
Our future success depends upon the continued service of our executive officers and other key management personnel. Competition for qualified personnel is intense, and we may compete with other companies that have greater financial and other resources than we do. If we lose the services of one or more of our executives or key employees, or if one or more of them decides to join a competitor or otherwise compete directly or indirectly with us, or if we are unable to integrate new members of our senior management who are critical to our business, we may not be able to successfully manage our business or achieve our business objectives.
If we are unable to maintain our professional reputation and brand name, our business will be harmed.
We depend on our overall reputation and brand name recognition to secure new engagements and to hire qualified professionals. Our success also depends on the individual reputations of our professionals. We obtain a majority of our new engagements from existing clients or from referrals by those clients. Any client who is dissatisfied with our services can adversely affect our ability to secure new engagements.
If any factor, including poor performance or negative publicity, whether or not true, hurts our reputation, we may experience difficulties in competing successfully for both new engagements and qualified consultants. Failing to maintain our professional reputation and the goodwill associated with our brand name could seriously harm our business.
As we develop new services, clients and practices, enter new lines of business, and focus more of our business on providing a full range of client solutions, the demands on our business and our operating risks may increase.
As part of our corporate strategy, we are attempting to leverage our research and advisory services to sell a full range of services across the life cycle of a policy, program, project or initiative, and we are regularly searching for ways to provide new services to clients. In addition, we plan to extend our services to new clients, into new lines of business, and into new geographic locations. As we focus on developing new services, clients, practice areas and lines of business; open new offices; and engage in business in new geographic locations, our operations may be exposed to additional as well as enhanced risks.
In particular, our growth efforts place substantial additional demands on our management and staff, as well as on our information, financial, administrative and operational systems. We may not be able to manage these demands successfully. Growth may require increased recruiting efforts, opening new offices, increased business development, selling, marketing and other actions that are expensive and entail increased risk. We may need to invest more in our people and systems, controls, compliance efforts, policies and procedures than we anticipate. Therefore, even if we do grow, the demands on our people and systems, controls, compliance efforts, policies and procedures may exceed the benefits of such growth, and our operating results may suffer, at least in the short-term, and perhaps in the long-term.
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Efforts involving a different focus, new services, new clients, new practice areas, new lines of business, new offices and new geographic locations entail inherent risks associated with our inexperience and competition from mature participants in those areas. Our inexperience may result in costly decisions that could harm our profit and operating results. In particular, new or improved services often relate to the development, implementation and improvement of critical infrastructure or operating systems that our clients may view as mission critical, and if we fail to satisfy the needs of our clients in providing these services, our clients could incur significant costs and losses for which they could seek compensation from us. Finally, as our business continues to evolve and we provide a wider range of services, we will become increasingly dependent upon our employees, particularly those operating in business environments less familiar to us. Failure to identify, hire, train and retain talented employees who share our values could have a negative effect on our reputation and our business.
Our rebranding plan may take a significant amount of time and involve substantial costs and may not be favorably received by our clients.
On June 12, 2018, the Companys Board of Directors voted to approve a rebranding plan for the Company. This plan includes going to market under a single, master brand architecture, solely as Korn Ferry and sunsetting of all the Companys sub-brands, including Futurestep, Hay Group and Lominger, among others. The Company is harmonizing under one brand to help accelerate the firms positioning as the preeminent organizational consultancy and bring more client awareness to its broad range of talent management solutions
We may incur substantial costs as a result of rebranding our products and services and may not be able to achieve or maintain brand name recognition or status that is comparable to the recognition and status previously enjoyed by certain of our sub-brands. The failure of our rebranding initiatives could adversely affect our ability to attract and retain clients, which could cause us not to realize some or all of the anticipated benefits contemplated by the rebranding.
We are subject to potential legal liability from clients, employees and candidates for employment. Insurance coverage may not be available to cover all of our potential liability and available coverage may not be sufficient to cover all claims that we may incur.
Our ability to obtain liability insurance, its coverage levels, deductibles and premiums, are all dependent on market factors, our loss history and insurers perception of our overall risk profile. We are exposed to potential claims with respect to the executive search process and the consulting services performed by Hay Group. For example, a client could assert a claim for matters such as breach of an off-limit agreement or recommending a candidate who subsequently proves to be unsuitable for the position filled. Further, the current employer of a candidate whom we placed could file a claim against us alleging interference with an employment contract; a candidate could assert an action against us for failure to maintain the confidentiality of the candidates employment search; and a candidate or employee could assert an action against us for alleged discrimination, violations of labor and employment law or other matters. Also, in various countries, we are subject to data protection laws impacting the processing of candidate information and other regulatory requirements that could give rise to liabilities/claims. The client may not be satisfied with the consulting services provided by our Hay Group consultants that may lead to claims against us.
Additionally, as part of our Hay Group services, we often send a team of leadership consultants to our clients workplaces. Such consultants generally have access to client information systems and confidential information. An inherent risk of such activity includes possible claims of misuse or misappropriation of client IP, confidential information, funds or other property, as well as harassment, criminal activity, torts, or other claims. Such claims may result in negative publicity, injunctive relief, criminal investigations and/or charges, payment by us of monetary damages or fines, or other material adverse effects on our business.
We cannot ensure that our insurance will cover all claims or that insurance coverage will be available at economically acceptable rates. Our insurance may also require us to meet a deductible. Significant uninsured liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may not be able to align our cost structure with our revenue level, which in turn may require additional financing in the future that may not be available at all or may be available only on unfavorable terms.
We continuously evaluate our cost base in relation to projected near to mid-term demand for our services in an effort to align our cost structure with the current realities of our markets. If actual or projected fee revenues are
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negatively impacted by weakening customer demand, we may find it necessary to take cost cutting measures so that we can minimize the impact on our profitability. There is, however, no guarantee that if we do take such measures that such measures will properly align our cost structure to our revenue level. Any failure to maintain a balance between our cost structure and our revenue could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations and lead to negative cash flows, which in turn might require us to obtain additional financing to meet our capital needs. If we are unable to secure such additional financing on favorable terms, or at all, our ability to fund our operations could be impaired, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our financial results could suffer if we are unable to achieve or maintain adequate utilization and suitable billing rates for our consultants.
Our profitability depends, to a large extent, on the utilization and billing rates of our professionals. Utilization of our professionals is affected by a number of factors, including:
◾ | the number and size of client engagements; |
◾ | the timing of the commencement, completion and termination of engagements (for example, the commencement or termination of multiple RPO engagements could have a significant impact on our business, including significant fluctuations in our fee revenue, since these types of engagements are generally larger, in terms of both staffing and fee revenue generated, than our other engagements); |
◾ | our ability to transition our consultants efficiently from completed engagements to new engagements; |
◾ | the hiring of additional consultants because there is generally a transition period for new consultants that results in a temporary drop in our utilization rate; |
◾ | unanticipated changes in the scope of client engagements; |
◾ | our ability to forecast demand for our services and thereby maintain an appropriate level of consultants; and |
◾ | conditions affecting the industries in which we practice as well as general economic conditions. |
The billing rates of our consultants that we are able to charge are also affected by a number of factors, including:
◾ | our clients perception of our ability to add value through our services; |
◾ | the market demand for the services we provide; |
◾ | an increase in the number of clients in the government sector in the industries we serve; |
◾ | the introduction of new services by us or our competitors; |
◾ | our competition and the pricing policies of our competitors; and |
◾ | current economic conditions. |
If we are unable to achieve and maintain adequate overall utilization, as well as maintain or increase the billing rates for our consultants, our financial results could materially suffer. In addition, our consultants oftentimes perform services at the physical locations of our clients. If there are natural disasters, disruptions to travel and transportation or problems with communications systems, our ability to perform services for, and interact with, our clients at their physical locations may be negatively impacted, which could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
The profitability of our fixed-fee engagements with clients may not meet our expectations if we underestimate the cost of these engagements.
When making proposals for fixed-fee engagements, we estimate the costs and timing for completing the engagements. These estimates reflect our best judgment regarding the efficiencies of our methodologies and consultants as we plan to deploy them on engagements. Any increased or unexpected costs or unanticipated delays in connection with the performance of fixed-fee engagements, including delays caused by factors outside our control, could make these contracts less profitable or unprofitable, which would have an adverse effect on our profit margin. For the years ended April 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016, fixed-fee engagements represented 28%, 29%, and 24% of our revenues, respectively.
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Changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations.
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). These accounting principles require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. We are also required to make certain judgments that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each reporting period. We periodically evaluate our estimates and assumptions including those relating to revenue recognition, restructuring, deferred compensation, goodwill and other intangible assets, contingent consideration, annual performance-related bonuses, allowance for doubtful accounts, share-based payments and deferred income taxes. Actual results could differ from the estimates we make based on historical experience and various assumptions believed to be reasonable based on specific circumstances, and changes in accounting standards could have an adverse impact on our future financial position and results of operations.
Foreign currency exchange rate risks may adversely affect our results of operations.
A material portion of our revenue and expenses are generated by our operations in foreign countries, and we expect that our foreign operations will account for a material portion of our revenue and expenses in the future. Most of our international expenses and revenue are denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, our financial results could be affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates or weak economic conditions in foreign markets in which we have operations, among other factors. Fluctuations in the value of those currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar have caused and will continue to cause dollar-translated amounts to vary from one period to another. Given the volatility of exchange rates, we may not be able to manage effectively our currency translation or transaction risks, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Unfavorable tax laws, tax law changes and tax authority rulings may adversely affect results.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in various foreign jurisdictions. Domestic and international tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings among countries with differing statutory tax rates or changes in tax laws. The amount of income taxes and other taxes are subject to ongoing audits by U.S. federal, state and local tax authorities and by non-U.S. authorities. If these audits result in assessments different from estimated amounts recorded, future financial results may include unfavorable tax adjustments.
The effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on our business and our company have not yet been fully analyzed and the final impacts could be materially different from our current estimates.
On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) was enacted into law, making significant changes to the taxation of U.S. business entities. The most significant impacts of the Tax Act on the Company include (1) a reduction in the U.S. corporate federal statutory income tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0% effective January 1, 2018, and (2) a one-time tax on accumulated foreign earnings (the Transition Tax), which is applicable at a rate of 15.5% on cash and other specified assets and 8% on other residual earnings. We have recorded in our consolidated financial statements provisional amounts based on our current estimates of the effects of the Tax Act in accordance with our current understanding of the Tax Act and currently available guidance. For additional information regarding the Tax Act and the provisional tax amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements, see Note 8Income Taxes. The final amounts may be significantly affected by regulations and interpretive guidance expected to be issued by the tax authorities, clarifications of the accounting treatment of various items, our additional analysis, and our refinement of our estimates of the effects of the Tax Act and, therefore, such final amounts could be materially different than our current provisional amounts, which could materially affect our tax obligations and effective tax rate.
We have deferred tax assets that we may not be able to use under certain circumstances.
If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income in certain jurisdictions, or if there is a significant change in the time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, we could be required to increase our valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets. This would result in an increase in our effective tax rate, and an adverse effect on our future operating results. In addition, changes in
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statutory tax rates may also change our deferred tax assets or liability balances, with either a favorable or unfavorable impact on our effective tax rate. Our deferred tax assets may also be impacted by new legislation or regulation.
Our indebtedness could impair our financial condition and reduce funds available to us for other purposes and our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our debt instruments could result in an event of default that could adversely affect our operating results.
On June 15, 2016, the Company entered into a senior secured $400 million Credit Agreement with a syndicate of banks made up of a $275 million term loan and $125 million of secured revolving loans. As of April 30, 2018, $238.9 million was outstanding under the term loan, and there is no outstanding balance under the revolving loans.
If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to satisfy our debt obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans. We cannot ensure that we will be able to refinance our debt or enter into alternative financing plans in adequate amounts on commercially reasonable terms, terms acceptable to us or at all, or that such plans guarantee that we would be able to meet our debt obligations.
Our existing debt agreements contain financial and restrictive covenants that limit the total amount of debt that we may incur and may limit our ability to engage in other activities that we may believe are in our long-term best interests, including the disposition or acquisition of assets or other companies or the payment of dividends to our stockholders. Our failure to comply with these covenants may result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could accelerate the maturity of our indebtedness or prevent us from accessing additional funds under our revolving credit facility. If the maturity of our indebtedness is accelerated, we may not have sufficient cash resources to satisfy our debt obligations, and we may not be able to continue our operations as planned.
The expansion of social media platforms presents new risks and challenges that can cause damage to our brand and reputation.
There has been a marked increase in the use of social media platforms, including weblogs (or blogs), social media websites and other forms of Internet-based communications, which allow individuals access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons. The inappropriate and/or unauthorized use of such media vehicles by our clients or employees could increase our costs, cause damage to our brand, lead to litigation or result in information leakage, including the improper collection and/or dissemination of personally identifiable information of candidates and clients. In addition, negative or inaccurate posts or comments about us on any social networking platforms could damage our reputation, brand image and goodwill.
Technological advances may significantly disrupt the labor market and weaken demand for human capital at a rapid rate.
Our success is directly dependent on our customers demands for talent. As technology continues to evolve, more tasks currently performed by people may be replaced by automation, robotics, machine learning, artificial intelligence and other technological advances outside of our control. This trend poses a risk to the human resource industry as a whole, particularly in lower-skill job categories that may be more susceptible to such replacement.
Limited protection of our intellectual property could harm our business, and we face the risk that our services or products may infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others.
We cannot guarantee that trade secrets, trademark and copyright law protections are adequate to deter misappropriation of our IP (which has become an important part of our business). Existing laws of some countries in which we provide services or products may offer only limited protection of our IP rights. Redressing infringements may consume significant management time and financial resources. Also, we may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of our IP and take the necessary steps to enforce our rights, which may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We cannot be sure that our services and products, or the products of others that we offer to our clients, do not infringe on the IP rights of third parties, and we may have infringement claims asserted against us or our clients. These claims may harm our reputation, result in financial liability and prevent us from offering some services or products.
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We have invested in specialized technology and other intellectual property for which we may fail to fully recover our investment or which may become obsolete.
We have invested in developing specialized technology and IP, including proprietary systems, processes and methodologies, such as Searcher Express and KF Insight, that we believe provide us a competitive advantage in serving our current clients and winning new engagements. Many of our service and product offerings rely on specialized technology or IP that is subject to rapid change, and to the extent that this technology and IP is rendered obsolete and of no further use to us or our clients, our ability to continue offering these services, and grow our revenues, could be adversely affected. There is no assurance that we will be able to develop new, innovative or improved technology or IP or that our technology and IP will effectively compete with the IP developed by our competitors. If we are unable to develop new technology and IP or if our competitors develop better technology or IP, our revenues and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We rely heavily on our information systems and if we lose that technology, or fail to further develop our technology, our business could be harmed.
Our success depends in large part upon our ability to store, retrieve, process, manage and protect substantial amounts of information. To achieve our strategic objectives and to remain competitive, we must continue to develop and enhance our information systems. This may require the acquisition of equipment and software and the development of new proprietary software, either internally or through independent consultants. If we are unable to design, develop, implement and utilize, in a cost-effective manner, information systems that provide the capabilities necessary for us to compete effectively, or for any reason any interruption or loss of our information processing capabilities occurs, this could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. We cannot be sure that our insurance against the effects of a disaster regarding our information technology or our disaster recovery procedures currently in place will continue to be available at reasonable prices, cover all our losses or compensate us for the possible loss of clients occurring during any period that we are unable to provide business services.
We are subject to risk as it relates to software that we license from third parties.
We license software from third parties, much of which is integral to our systems and our business. The licenses are generally terminable if we breach our obligations under the license agreements. If any of these relationships were terminated or if any of these parties were to cease doing business or cease to support the applications we currently utilize, we may be forced to spend significant time and money to replace the licensed software. However, we cannot assure you that the necessary replacements will be available on reasonable terms, if at all.
We are increasingly dependent on third parties for the execution of critical functions.
We do not maintain all of our technology infrastructure, and we have outsourced certain other critical applications or business processes to external providers, including cloud-based services. The failure or inability to perform on the part of one or more of these critical suppliers or partners could cause significant disruptions and increased costs.
Cyber security vulnerabilities and incidents could lead to the improper disclosure of information obtained from our clients, candidates and employees that could result in liability and harm to our reputation.
We use information technology and other computer resources to carry out operational and marketing activities and to maintain our business records. The continued occurrence of high-profile data breaches against various entities and organizations provides evidence of an external environment that is increasingly hostile to information security. This environment demands that we continuously improve our design and coordination of security controls across our business groups and geographies in order to protect information that we develop or that is obtained from our clients, candidates and employees. Despite these efforts, given the ongoing and increasingly sophisticated attempts to access the information of entities, our security controls over this information, our training of employees, and other practices we follow may not prevent the improper disclosure of such information. Our efforts and the costs incurred to bolster our security against attacks cannot provide absolute assurance that future data breaches will not occur. We depend on our overall reputation and brand name recognition to secure new engagements. Perceptions that we do not adequately protect the privacy of information could inhibit attaining new engagements, qualified consultants and could potentially damage currently existing client relationships.
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Data security, data privacy and data protection laws such as the European Union General Data Protection Regulation, and other evolving regulations and cross-border data transfer restrictions, may limit the use of our services and adversely affect our business.
We are or may become subject to a variety of laws and regulations in the European Union (the E.U.) (including the E.U. General Data Protection Act and the General Data Protection Regulation, which became effective in May 2018), U.S. and abroad regarding data privacy, protection and security. As these laws continue to evolve, we may be required to make changes to our services, solutions and/or products so as to enable the Company and/or our clients to meet the new legal requirements, including by taking on more onerous obligations in our contracts, limiting our storage, transfer and processing of data and, in some cases, limiting our service and/or solution offerings in certain locations. Changes in these laws may also increase our potential exposure through significantly higher potential penalties for non-compliance. The costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, such laws and regulations and client demand in this area may limit the use of, or demand for, our services, solutions and/or products, make it more difficult and costly to meet client expectations, or lead to significant fines, penalties or liabilities for noncompliance, any of which could harm our business.
In addition, due to the uncertainty and potentially conflicting interpretations of these laws, it is possible that such laws and regulations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other rules or our practices. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with applicable laws or satisfactorily protect personal information could result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation, or negative publicity, any of which could inhibit sales of our services, solutions and/or products.
Acquisitions, or our inability to effect acquisitions, may have an adverse effect on our business.
We have completed several strategic acquisitions of businesses in the last several years, including our acquisitions of Legacy Hay in fiscal 2016 and PDI and Global Novations in fiscal 2013. Targeted acquisitions have been part of our growth strategy, and we may in the future selectively acquire businesses that are complementary to our existing service offerings. However, we cannot be certain that we will be able to continue to identify appropriate acquisition candidates or acquire them on satisfactory terms. Our ability to consummate such acquisitions on satisfactory terms will depend on:
◾ | the extent to which acquisition opportunities become available; |
◾ | our success in bidding for the opportunities that do become available; |
◾ | negotiating terms that we believe are reasonable; and |
◾ | regulatory approval, if required. |
Our ability to make strategic acquisitions may also be conditioned on our ability to fund such acquisitions through the incurrence of debt or the issuance of equity. Our credit agreement dated as of June 15, 2016 limits us from consummating permitted acquisitions unless we are in compliance with our pro forma financial covenants, our pro forma leverage ratio is no greater than 2.50 to 1.00, and domestic liquidity after giving effect to the acquisition is at least $50.0 million. If we are required to incur substantial indebtedness in connection with an acquisition, and the results of the acquisition are not favorable, the increased indebtedness could decrease the value of our equity. In addition, if we need to issue additional equity to consummate an acquisition, doing so would cause dilution to existing stockholders.
If we are unable to make strategic acquisitions, or the acquisitions we do make are not on terms favorable to us or not effected in a timely manner, it may impede the growth of our business, which could adversely impact our profitability and our stock price.
We have provisions that make an acquisition of us more difficult and expensive.
Anti-takeover provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation, our Bylaws and under Delaware law make it more difficult and expensive for us to be acquired in a transaction that is not approved by our Board of Directors. Some of the provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws include:
◾ | limitations on stockholder actions; |
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◾ | advance notification requirements for director nominations and actions to be taken at stockholder meetings; and |
◾ | the ability to issue one or more series of preferred stock by action of our Board of Directors. |
These provisions could discourage an acquisition attempt or other transaction in which stockholders could receive a premium over the current market price for the common stock.
We may not be able to successfully integrate or realize the expected benefits from our acquisitions.
Our future success may depend in part on our ability to complete the integration of acquisition targets successfully into our operations. The process of integrating an acquired business may subject us to a number of risks, including:
◾ | diversion of management attention; |
◾ | amortization of intangible assets, adversely affecting our reported results of operations; |
◾ | inability to retain and/or integrate the management, key personnel and other employees of the acquired business; |
◾ | inability to properly integrate businesses resulting in operating inefficiencies; |
◾ | inability to establish uniform standards, disclosure controls and procedures, internal control over financial reporting and other systems, procedures and policies in a timely manner; |
◾ | inability to retain the acquired companys clients; |
◾ | exposure to legal claims for activities of the acquired business prior to acquisition; and |
◾ | incurrence of additional expenses in connection with the integration process. |
If our acquisitions are not successfully integrated, our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as our professional reputation, could be materially adversely affected.
Further, we cannot assure that acquisitions will result in the financial, operational or other benefits that we anticipate. Some acquisitions may not be immediately accretive to earnings and some expansion may result in significant expenditures.
Businesses we acquire may have liabilities or adverse operating issues which could harm our operating results.
Businesses we acquire may have liabilities or adverse operating issues, or both, that we either fail to discover through due diligence or underestimate prior to the consummation of the acquisition. These liabilities and/or issues may include the acquired business failure to comply with, or other violations of, applicable laws, rules or regulations or contractual or other obligations or liabilities. As the successor owner, we may be financially responsible for, and may suffer harm to our reputation or otherwise be adversely affected by, such liabilities and/or issues. An acquired business also may have problems with internal controls over financial reporting, which could in turn cause us to have significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our own internal controls over financial reporting. These and any other costs, liabilities, issues, and/or disruptions associated with any past or future acquisitions, and the related integration, could harm our operating results.
As a result of our acquisitions, we have substantial amounts of goodwill and intangible assets, and changes in business conditions could cause these assets to become impaired, requiring write-downs that would adversely affect our operating results.
All of our acquisitions have been accounted for as purchases and involved purchase prices well in excess of tangible asset values, resulting in the creation of a significant amount of goodwill and other intangible assets. As of April 30, 2018, goodwill and purchased intangibles accounted for approximately 26% and 9%, respectively, of our total assets. Under U.S. GAAP, we do not amortize goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination that are determined to have indefinite useful lives, but instead review them annually (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise) for impairment. As discussed above, in connection with the Plan, the Company intends to offer all of the Companys current products and services using the Korn Ferry name, branding and trademarks, and sunset all sub-brands, including Futurestep, Hay Group and Lominger, among others. The Hay Group and Lominger brands came to the Company through acquisitions and, in connection with
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the accounting for those acquisitions, $106 million of the purchase price was allocated to indefinite lived tradename intangible assets. On June 12, 2018, the Company concluded that as a result of the decision to discontinue the use of such sub-brands in the near term, the Company will be required under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles to record in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 a one-time, non-cash intangible asset impairment charge of $106 million, or $79 million on an after-tax basis. The discontinuation of such brands and resulting impairment charge could adversely affect our business. Further, although we have to date determined that none of our other assets have been impaired, future events or changes in circumstances that result in an impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets would have a negative impact on our profitability and operating results.
An impairment in the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets could negatively impact our consolidated results of operations and net worth.
Goodwill is initially recorded as the excess of amounts paid over the fair value of net assets acquired. While goodwill is not amortized, it is reviewed for impairment at least annually or more frequently if impairment indicators are present. In assessing the carrying value of goodwill, we make qualitative and quantitative assumptions and estimates about revenues, operating margins, growth rates and discount rates based on our business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and managements judgment in applying these factors. Goodwill valuations have been calculated using an income approach based on the present value of future cash flows of each reporting unit and a market approach. We could be required to evaluate the carrying value of goodwill prior to the annual assessment if we experience unexpected, significant declines in operating results or sustained market capitalization declines. These types of events and the resulting analyses could result in goodwill impairment charges in the future. Impairment charges, such as the impairment charge that we will be required to record in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 related to the discontinuation of the Hay Group and Lominger brands, could substantially affect our results of operations and net worth in the periods of such charges.
We are a cyclical Company whose performance is tied to local and global economic conditions.
Demand for our services is affected by global economic conditions and the general level of economic activity in the geographic regions and industries in which we operate. When conditions in the global economy, including the credit markets deteriorate, or economic activity slows, many companies hire fewer permanent employees and some companies, as a cost-saving measure, choose to rely on their own human resources departments rather than third-party search firms to find talent, and under these conditions, companies may cut back on human resource initiatives, all of which negatively affects our financial condition and results of operations. We may also experience more competitive pricing pressure during periods of economic decline. If the geopolitical uncertainties result in a reduction in business confidence, if the national or global economy or credit market conditions in general deteriorate, or if the unemployment rate increases, such uncertainty or changes could put negative pressure on demand for our services and our pricing, resulting in lower cash flows and a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, some of our clients may experience reduced access to credit and lower revenues resulting in their inability to meet their payment obligations to us.
We face risks associated with social and political instability, legal requirements and economic conditions in our international operations.
We operate in 52 countries and, during the year ended April 30, 2018, generated 56% of our fee revenue from operations outside of the U.S. We are exposed to the risk of changes in social, political, legal and economic conditions inherent in international operations. Examples of risks inherent in transacting business worldwide that we are exposed to include:
◾ | uncertainties and instability in economic and market conditions caused by the United Kingdoms (the U.K.) vote to exit the E.U. (Brexit); |
◾ | uncertainty regarding how the U.K.s access to the E.U. Single Market and the wider trading, legal, regulatory and labor environments, especially in the U.K. and E.U., will be impacted by Brexit, including the resulting impact on our business and that of our clients; |
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◾ | changes in and compliance with applicable laws and regulatory requirements, including U.S. laws affecting the activities of U.S. companies abroad, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 and sanctions programs administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control, and similar foreign laws such as the U.K. Bribery Act, as well as the fact that many countries have legal systems, local laws and trade practices that are unsettled and evolving, and/or commercial laws that are vague and/or inconsistently applied; |
◾ | difficulties in staffing and managing global operations, which could impact our ability to maintain an effective system of internal control; |
◾ | difficulties in building and maintaining a competitive presence in existing and new markets; |
◾ | social, economic and political instability; |
◾ | differences in cultures and business practices; |
◾ | statutory equity requirements; |
◾ | differences in accounting and reporting requirements; |
◾ | repatriation controls; |
◾ | differences in labor and market conditions; |
◾ | potential adverse tax consequences; |
◾ | multiple regulations concerning pay rates, benefits, vacation, statutory holiday pay, workers compensation, union membership, termination pay, the termination of employment, and other employment laws; and |
◾ | the introduction of greater uncertainty with respect to trade policies, tariffs and government regulation affecting trade between the U.S. and other countries. |
We cannot ensure that one or more of these factors will not harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
You may not receive the level of dividends provided for in the dividend policy our Board of Directors has adopted or any dividends at all.
We are not obligated to pay dividends on our common stock. Our Board of Directors adopted a dividend policy on December 8, 2014, that reflects an intention to distribute to our stockholders a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share of common stock. Although the Company paid our first dividend under this program on April 9, 2015 and has declared a quarterly dividend every quarter since the adoption of the dividend policy, the declaration and payment of all future dividends to holders of our common stock are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors, which may amend, revoke or suspend our dividend policy at any time and for any reason, including earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions and other factors our Board of Directors may deem relevant. The terms of our indebtedness may also restrict us from paying cash dividends on our common stock under certain circumstances. See below Our ability to pay dividends will be restricted by agreements governing our debt, including our credit agreement, and by Delaware law.
Over time, our capital and other cash needs may change significantly from our current needs, which could affect whether we pay dividends and the level of any dividends we may pay in the future. If we were to use borrowings under our credit facility to fund our payment of dividends, we would have less cash and/or borrowing capacity available for future dividends and other purposes, which could negatively affect our financial condition, our results of operations, our liquidity and our ability to maintain and expand our business. Accordingly, you may not receive dividends in the intended amounts, or at all. Any reduction or elimination of dividends may negatively affect the market price of our common stock.
Our ability to pay dividends will be restricted by agreements governing our debt, including our credit agreement, and by Delaware law.
Our credit agreement restricts our ability to pay dividends. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital Resources, where we describe the terms of our indebtedness, including provisions limiting our ability to declare and pay dividends. As a result of such restrictions, we may be limited in our ability to pay dividends unless we amend our credit agreement or otherwise obtain a waiver from our lenders. In addition, as a result of general economic conditions, conditions in the lending markets, the results of our business or for any other reason, we may elect or be required to amend or refinance
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our senior credit facility, at or prior to maturity, or enter into additional agreements for indebtedness. Any such amendment, refinancing or additional agreement may contain covenants which could limit in a significant manner or entirely our ability to pay dividends to you.
Additionally, under the DGCL, our Board of Directors may not authorize payment of a dividend unless it is either paid out of surplus, as calculated in accordance with the DGCL, or if we do not have a surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year.
If, as a result of these restrictions, we are required to reduce or eliminate the payment of dividends, a decline in the market price or liquidity, or both, of our common stock could result. This may in turn result in losses by you.
Our dividend policy may limit our ability to pursue growth opportunities.
If we pay dividends at the level currently anticipated under our dividend policy, we may not retain a sufficient amount of cash to finance growth opportunities, meet any large unanticipated liquidity requirements or fund our operations in the event of a significant business downturn. In addition, because a portion of cash available will be distributed to holders of our common stock under our dividend policy, our ability to pursue any material expansion of our business, including through acquisitions, increased capital spending or other increases of our expenditures, will depend more than it otherwise would on our ability to obtain third party financing. We cannot assure you that such financing will be available to us at all, or at an acceptable cost. If we are unable to take timely advantage of growth opportunities, our future financial condition and competitive position may be harmed, which in turn may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We may be subject to the actions of activist shareholders.
Our Board of Directors and management team are committed to acting in the best interest of all of our shareholders. We value constructive input from investors and regularly engage in dialogue with our shareholders regarding strategy and performance. Activist shareholders who disagree with the composition of the Board of Directors, our strategy or the way the Company is managed may seek to effect change through various strategies and channels. Responding to shareholder activism can be costly and time-consuming, disrupt our operations, and divert the attention of management and our employees from our strategic initiatives. Activist campaigns can create perceived uncertainties as to our future direction, strategy, or leadership and may result in the loss of potential business opportunities, harm our ability to attract new employees, investors, and customers, and cause our stock price to experience periods of volatility or stagnation.
Our business could be disrupted as a result of actions of certain stockholders.
If any of our stockholders commence a proxy contest, advocate for change, make public statements critical of our performance or business, or engage in other similar activities, then our business could be adversely affected because we may have difficulty attracting and retaining clients due to perceived uncertainties as to our future direction and negative public statements about our business; responding to proxy contests and other similar actions by stockholders is likely to result in us incurring substantial additional costs and significantly divert the attention of management and our employees; and, if individuals are elected to our Board with a specific agenda, the execution of our strategic plan may be disrupted or a new strategic plan altogether may be implemented, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Further, any of these matters or any such actions by stockholders may impact and result in volatility of the price of our common stock.
Our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem could cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm or legal liability.
Should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, such as an earthquake, hurricane, terrorist attack, pandemic, security breach, power loss, telecommunications failure or other natural or man-made disaster, our continued success will depend, in part, on the availability of our personnel, our office facilities, and the proper functioning of our computer, telecommunication and other related systems and operations. In such an event, we
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could experience near-term operational challenges with regard to particular areas of our operations. In particular, our ability to recover from any disaster or other business continuity problem will depend on our ability to protect our technology infrastructure against damage from business continuity events that could have a significant disruptive effect on our operations. We could potentially lose client data or experience material adverse interruptions to our operations or delivery of services to our clients in a disaster. A disaster on a significant scale or affecting certain of our key operating areas within or across regions, or our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, could materially interrupt our business operations and cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm, damaged client relationships or legal liability.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
Our corporate office is located in Los Angeles, California. We lease our corporate office and all 105 of our Executive Search, Hay Group, and Futurestep offices located in North America, EMEA, Asia Pacific and Latin America. As of April 30, 2018, we leased an aggregate of approximately 1.3 million square feet of office space. The leases generally have remaining terms of one to 12 years and contain customary terms and conditions. We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current needs and we do not anticipate any difficulty replacing such facilities or locating additional facilities to accommodate any future growth.
From time to time, we are involved in litigation both as a plaintiff and a defendant, relating to claims arising out of our operations. As of the date of this report, we are not engaged in any legal proceedings that are expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Name
|
Age as of
|
Position
|
||
Gary D. Burnison |
57 | President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Robert P. Rozek |
57 | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Corporate Officer | ||
Mark Arian |
57 | Chief Executive Officer, Hay Group | ||
Byrne Mulrooney
|
57
|
Chief Executive Officer, Futurestep
|
Our executive officers serve at the discretion of our Board of Directors. There is no family relationship between any executive officer or director. The following information sets forth the business experience for at least the past five years for each of our executive officers.
Gary D. Burnison has been President and Chief Executive Officer since July 2007. He was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from March 2002 until June 30, 2007 and Chief Operating Officer from November 2003 until June 30, 2007. Prior to joining Korn Ferry, Mr. Burnison was Principal and Chief Financial Officer of Guidance Solutions, a privately held consulting firm, from 1999 to 2001. Prior to that, he served as an executive officer and a member of the Board of Directors of Jefferies and Company, Inc., the principal operating subsidiary of Jefferies Group, Inc. from 1995 to 1999. Earlier, Mr. Burnison was a Partner at KPMG Peat Marwick.
Robert P. Rozek joined the Company in February 2012 as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and in December 2015 also became our Chief Corporate Officer. Prior to joining Korn Ferry, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Cushman & Wakefield, Inc., a privately held commercial
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real estate services firm, from June 2008 to February 2012. Prior to joining Cushman & Wakefield, Inc., Mr. Rozek served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Las Vegas Sands Corp., a leading global developer of destination properties (integrated resorts) that feature premium accommodations, world-class gaming and entertainment, convention and exhibition facilities and many other amenities, from 2006 to 2008. Prior to that, Mr. Rozek held senior leadership positions at Eastman Kodak, and spent five years as a Partner with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
Mark Arian joined the Company as Chief Executive Officer of Korn Ferrys Hay Group segment in April 2017. Prior to Korn Ferry, Mr. Arian served as a Managing Principal at Ernst and Young LLP, a multinational professional services firm that provides audit, tax, business risk, technology and security risk services, and human capital services worldwide, from March 2014 until March of 2017. In that capacity, he led the People Advisory ServicesFinancial Services Sector, and his responsibilities included commercial, people and key account leadership. Between 2008 and 2014, Mr. Arian held various leadership positions at AON and AON Hewitt, a provider of insurance, reinsurance, human capital and management consulting services, serving as an Executive Vice President and leading its strategic Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) and business transformation offering globally. Mr. Arian has also held various leadership positions at Towers Perrin (now Wills Towers Watson) including serving as the Global M&A and Global Change Management leader, and Hewitt Associates, where Mr. Arian built and led the Corporate Restructuring and Change Practice. Mr. Arian is a graduate of Duke University and holds a juris doctorate from Columbia University.
Byrne Mulrooney joined the Company in April 2010 as Chief Executive Officer of Futurestep. Prior to joining Korn Ferry, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of Flynn Transportation Services, a third-party logistics company, from 2007 to 2010. Prior to that, he led Spherions workforce solutions business in North America, which provides workforce solutions in professional services and general staffing, including recruitment process outsourcing and managed services, from 2003 to 2007. Mr. Mulrooney held executive positions for almost 20 years at EDS and IBM in client services, sales, marketing and operations. Mr. Mulrooney is a graduate of Villanova University in Pennsylvania. He holds a masters degree in management from Northwestern Universitys J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
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Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol KFY. The following table sets forth the high and low sales price per share of the common stock for the periods indicated, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange:
High | Low | |||||||
Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2018 |
||||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 36.07 | $ | 31.19 | ||||
Second Quarter |
$ | 42.34 | $ | 31.53 | ||||
Third Quarter |
$ | 45.26 | $ | 39.93 | ||||
Fourth Quarter |
$ | 55.45 | $ | 38.53 | ||||
Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2017 |
||||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 30.78 | $ | 18.57 | ||||
Second Quarter |
$ | 24.85 | $ | 19.94 | ||||
Third Quarter |
$ | 31.53 | $ | 19.95 | ||||
Fourth Quarter |
$ | 33.14 | $ | 27.47 |
On June 21, 2018, the last reported sales price on the New York Stock Exchange for the Companys common stock, was $63.94 per share and there were approximately 18,525 beneficial stockholders of the Companys common stock.
Performance Graph
We have presented below a graph comparing the cumulative total stockholder return on the Companys shares with the cumulative total stockholder return on (1) the Standard & Poors 500 Stock Index and (2) a company-established peer group. Cumulative total return for each of the periods shown in the performance graph is measured assuming an initial investment of $100 on April 30, 2013 and the reinvestment of any dividends paid by the Company and any company in the peer group on the date the dividends were paid.
Our peer group is comprised of a broad number of publicly traded companies, which are principally or in significant part involved in either professional staffing or consulting. The peer group is comprised of the following 14 companies: CBIZ, Inc. (CBZ), FTI Consulting, Inc. (FCN), Heidrick & Struggles International, Inc. (HSII), Huron Consulting Group Inc. (HURN), ICF International, Inc. (ICFI), Insperity, Inc. (NSP), Kelly Services, Inc. (KELYA), Kforce Inc. (KFRC), Navigant Consulting, Inc. (NCI), Resources Connection, Inc. (RECN), Robert Half International, Inc. (RHI), The Dun & Bradstreet Corporation (DNB), Willis Towers Watson (WLTW) and TrueBlue, Inc. (TBI). We believe this group of professional services firms, is reflective of similar sized companies in terms of our market capitalization, revenue or profitability, and therefore provides a more meaningful comparison of stock performance. The returns of each company have been weighted according to their respective stock market capitalization at the beginning of each measurement period for purposes of arriving at a peer group average.
The stock price performance depicted in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance. This graph will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference by any general statement incorporating this Annual Report on Form 10-K into any filing by us under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except to the extent we specifically incorporate this information by reference and shall not otherwise be deemed soliciting material or deemed filed under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
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COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN(*)
Among Korn/Ferry International, the S&P 500 Index, and a Peer Group
Copyright© 2018 Standard & Poors, a division of S&P Global. All rights reserved.
(*) | $100 invested on April 30, 2013 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ended April 30, 2018. |
Capital Allocation Approach
The Company and its Board of Directors endorse a balanced approach to capital allocation. The Companys first priority is to invest in growth initiatives, such as the hiring of consultants, the continued development of IP and derivative products and services, and the investment in synergistic accretive M&A transactions that earn a return superior to the Companys cost of capital. Next, the Companys capital allocation approach contemplates the planned return of a portion of excess capital to stockholders, in the form of a regular quarterly dividend, subject to the factors discussed below under Dividends and in more detail in the Risk Factors section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additionally, the Company considers share repurchases on an opportunistic basis and subject to the terms of our credit agreement.
Dividends
On December 8, 2014, the Board of Directors adopted a dividend policy, reflecting an intention to distribute to our stockholders a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share. In fiscal 2017, the Board of Directors declared the following dividends:
Declaration Date
|
Dividend Per Share
|
Record Date
|
Total Amount (in thousands)
|
Payment Date
|
||||
June 15, 2016 |
$0.10 | June 27, 2016 | $5,909 | July 15, 2016 | ||||
September 7, 2016 |
$0.10 | September 26, 2016 | $5,841 | October 14, 2016 | ||||
December 6, 2016 |
$0.10 | December 20, 2016 | $5,796 | January 17, 2017 | ||||
March 6, 2017 |
$0.10 | March 23, 2017 | $5,772 | April 14, 2017 |
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In fiscal 2018, the Board of Directors declared the following dividends:
Declaration Date
|
Dividend Per Share
|
Record Date
|
Total Amount (in thousands)
|
Payment Date
|
||||
June 20, 2017 |
$0.10 | June 30, 2017 | $5,823 | July 14, 2017 | ||||
September 5, 2017 |
$0.10 | September 27, 2017 | $5,714 | October 13, 2017 | ||||
December 6, 2017 |
$0.10 | December 20, 2017 | $5,705 | January 12, 2018 | ||||
March 5, 2018 |
$0.10 | March 26, 2018 | $5,713 | April 13, 2018 |
The declaration and payment of future dividends under the quarterly dividend policy will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon many factors, including the Companys earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions, the terms of the Companys indebtedness and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem to be relevant. The Board of Directors may amend, revoke or suspend the dividend policy at any time and for any reason.
Our senior secured revolving credit agreement, dated June 15, 2016, permits us to pay dividends to our stockholders and make share repurchases so long as our pro forma leverage ratio, defined as, the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, is no greater than 2.50 to 1.00, and our pro forma domestic liquidity is at least $50.0 million.
Stock Repurchase Program
On December 8, 2014, the Board of Directors approved an increase in the Companys stock repurchase program to an aggregate of $150.0 million. Common stock may be repurchased from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions at the Companys discretion subject to market conditions and other factors. During the second quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company began to repurchase shares through this program. The Company repurchased approximately $33.1 million and $28.8 million of the Companys common stock during fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. Any decision to execute on our stock repurchase program will depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors. Our credit agreement permits us to pay dividends to our stockholders and make share repurchases so long as our pro forma leverage ratio is no greater than 2.50 to 1.00, and our pro forma domestic liquidity is at least $50.0 million, including undrawn amounts on our revolving credit facility.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table summarizes common stock repurchased by us during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018:
Shares Purchased (1) |
Average Price Paid Per Share |
Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly- Announced Programs (2) |
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased under the Programs (2) |
|||||||||||||
February 1, 2018 February 28, 2018 |
| $ | | | $ | 88.6 million | ||||||||||
March 1, 2018 March 31, 2018 |
2,168 | $ | 41.85 | | $ | 88.6 million | ||||||||||
April 1, 2018 April 30, 2018 |
10,897 | $ | 50.46 | 10,000 | $ | 88.1 million | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total |
13,065 | $ | 49.04 | 10,000 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Represents withholding of a portion of restricted shares to cover taxes on vested restricted shares and shares purchased as part of our publicly announced programs. |
(2) | On December 8, 2014, the Board of Directors approved an increase in the Companys stock repurchase program to an aggregate of $150.0 million. The shares can be repurchased in open market transactions or privately negotiated transactions at the Companys discretion. We repurchased approximately $0.5 million of the Companys common stock under the program during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. |
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following selected financial data are qualified by reference to, and should be read together with, our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected statements of income data set forth below for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016 and the selected balance sheets data as of April 30, 2018 and 2017 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected balance sheets data as of April 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014 and the selected statements of income data set forth below for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2015 and 2014 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto which are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 (1) | 2015 (2) | 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data and other operating data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Selected Consolidated Statements of Income Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
$ | 1,767,217 | $ | 1,565,521 | $ | 1,292,112 | $ | 1,028,152 | $ | 960,301 | ||||||||||
Reimbursed out-of-pocket engagement expenses |
52,302 | 56,148 | 54,602 | 37,914 | 35,258 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total revenue |
1,819,519 | 1,621,669 | 1,346,714 | 1,066,066 | 995,559 | |||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
1,203,619 | 1,071,507 | 897,345 | 691,450 | 646,889 | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
237,390 | 226,232 | 213,018 | 145,917 | 152,040 | |||||||||||||||
Reimbursed expenses |
52,302 | 56,148 | 54,602 | 37,914 | 35,258 | |||||||||||||||
Cost of services |
73,658 | 71,482 | 59,824 | 39,692 | 39,910 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
48,588 | 47,260 | 36,220 | 27,597 | 26,172 | |||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges, net (3) |
78 | 34,600 | 33,013 | 9,468 | 3,682 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
1,615,635 | 1,507,229 | 1,294,022 | 952,038 | 903,951 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Operating income |
203,884 | 114,440 | 52,692 | 114,028 | 91,608 | |||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
11,525 | 11,820 | (4,167 | ) | 7,458 | 9,769 | ||||||||||||||
Interest (expense) income, net |
(9,676 | ) | (10,251 | ) | 237 | (1,784 | ) | (2,363 | ) | |||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net |
297 | 333 | 1,631 | 2,181 | 2,169 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
70,133 | 29,104 | 18,960 | 33,526 | 28,492 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net income |
135,897 | 87,238 | 31,433 | 88,357 | 72,691 | |||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
(2,118 | ) | (3,057 | ) | (520 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net income attributable to Korn/Ferry International |
$ | 133,779 | $ | 84,181 | $ | 30,913 | $ | 88,357 | $ | 72,691 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 2.39 | $ | 1.48 | $ | 0.58 | $ | 1.78 | $ | 1.51 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 2.35 | $ | 1.47 | $ | 0.58 | $ | 1.76 | $ | 1.48 | ||||||||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding |
55,426 | 56,205 | 52,372 | 49,052 | 48,162 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |
56,254 | 56,900 | 52,929 | 49,766 | 49,145 | |||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared per common share |
$ | 0.40 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.10 | $ | | ||||||||||
Other Operating Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Fee revenue by business segment: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Executive search: |
||||||||||||||||||||
North America |
$ | 408,098 | $ | 356,625 | $ | 371,345 | $ | 330,634 | $ | 306,768 | ||||||||||
EMEA |
173,725 | 146,506 | 144,319 | 153,465 | 147,917 | |||||||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
96,595 | 80,169 | 80,506 | 84,148 | 84,816 | |||||||||||||||
Latin America |
30,624 | 34,376 | 26,744 | 29,160 | 29,374 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total executive search |
709,042 | 617,676 | 622,914 | 597,407 | 568,875 | |||||||||||||||
Hay Group |
785,013 | 724,186 | 471,145 | 267,018 | 254,636 | |||||||||||||||
Futurestep |
273,162 | 223,659 | 198,053 | 163,727 | 136,790 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total fee revenue |
$ | 1,767,217 | $ | 1,565,521 | $ | 1,292,112 | $ | 1,028,152 | $ | 960,301 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 (1) | 2015 (2) | 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data and other operating data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of offices (at period end) (4) |
106 | 114 | 150 | 78 | 84 | |||||||||||||||
Number of consultants (at period end) |
1,392 | 1,330 | 1,164 | 694 | 646 | |||||||||||||||
Number of new engagements opened |
9,307 | 8,126 | 7,430 | 6,755 | 6,483 | |||||||||||||||
Number of full-time employees: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Executive search |
1,865 | 1,791 | 1,682 | 1,562 | 1,566 | |||||||||||||||
Hay Group |
3,454 | 3,598 | 3,626 | 894 | 794 | |||||||||||||||
Futurestep |
2,188 | 1,710 | 1,530 | 1,147 | 958 | |||||||||||||||
Corporate |
136 | 133 | 109 | 84 | 78 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total full-time employees |
7,643 | 7,232 | 6,947 | 3,687 | 3,396 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Selected Consolidated Balance Sheets Data as of April 30: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 520,848 | $ | 410,882 | $ | 273,252 | $ | 380,838 | $ | 333,717 | ||||||||||
Marketable securities (5) |
137,085 | 119,937 | 141,430 | 144,576 | 134,559 | |||||||||||||||
Working capital |
455,799 | 385,095 | 188,010 | 331,148 | 270,535 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets |
2,287,914 | 2,062,898 | 1,898,600 | 1,317,801 | 1,233,666 | |||||||||||||||
Long-term obligations |
509,839 | 517,271 | 375,035 | 196,542 | 191,197 | |||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
1,219,615 | 1,087,048 | 1,047,301 | 815,249 | 755,536 |
(1) | Due to the acquisition of Legacy Hay on December 1, 2015, which accounted for $186.8 million and $740.2 million of fee revenue and total assets, respectively, during fiscal 2016, financial data trends for fiscal 2016 are not comparable to prior periods. See Note 12Acquisitions, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for discussion of fiscal 2016 acquisitions. |
(2) | Due to the acquisition of Pivot Leadership on March 1, 2015, which accounted for $3.7 million and $20.0 million of fee revenue and total assets, respectively, during fiscal 2015, financial data trends for fiscal 2015 are not comparable to the prior period. |
(3) | During fiscal 2018 and 2017, the Company continued to implement the fiscal 2016 restructuring plan in order to integrate the Hay Group entities that were acquired in fiscal 2016 by eliminating redundant positions and operational, general and administrative expenses and consolidating office space. This resulted in restructuring charges of $0.1 million and $34.6 million in fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. Of the amount recorded in restructuring charges in fiscal 2017, $16.0 million related to severance and $18.6 million related to consolidation of office spaces. In fiscal 2016, the Company implemented a restructuring plan in order to rationalize its cost structure by eliminating redundant positions and consolidating office space due to the acquisition of Legacy Hay on December 1, 2015. As a result, we recorded $33.0 million in restructuring charges, of which $32.1 million related to severance and $0.9 million related to consolidation and abandonment of premises. In fiscal 2015, the Company took actions to rationalize its cost structure as a result of efficiencies obtained from prior year technology investments that enabled further integration of the legacy business and the acquisitions (PDI and Global Novations), as well as other cost saving initiatives. As a result, we recorded $9.2 million of severance and $0.3 million relating to the consolidation/abandonment of premises. In fiscal 2014, the Company continued the implementation of the fiscal 2013 restructuring plan in order to integrate the prior year acquisitions by consolidating and eliminating certain redundant office space around the world and by continuing to consolidate certain overhead functions. As a result, we recorded $0.8 million of severance and $2.9 million related to the consolidation of premises. |
(4) | The number of offices decreased by eight as of April 30, 2018 compared to April 30, 2017 and 36 as of April 30, 2017 compared to April 30, 2016, due to the continued implementation of the 2016 restructuring plan. |
(5) | As of April 30, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, and 2014, the Companys marketable securities included $137.1 million, $119.9 million, $141.4 million, $131.4 million, and $116.2 million, respectively, held in trust for settlement of the Companys obligations under certain of its deferred compensation plans. See Note 5Financial Instruments in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K may contain certain statements that we believe are, or may be considered to be, forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). These forward-looking
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statements generally can be identified by use of statements that include phrases such as believe, expect, anticipate, intend, plan, foresee, may, will, likely, estimates, potential, continue or other similar words or phrases. Similarly, statements that describe our objectives, plans or goals also are forward-looking statements. All of these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the relevant forward-looking statement. The principal risk factors that could cause actual performance and future actions to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, changes in demand for our services as a result of automation, dependence on attracting and retaining qualified and experienced consultants, maintaining our relationships with customers and suppliers and retaining key employees, maintaining our brand name and professional reputation, the expected timing of the consummation of the Plan and the KF Merger, the impact of the rebranding on the Companys products and services, the costs of the Plan and the KF Merger, potential legal liability and regulatory developments, portability of client relationships, global and local political or economic developments in or affecting countries where we have operations, currency fluctuations in our international operations, risks related to growth, restrictions imposed by off-limits agreements, competition, consolidation in industries, reliance on information processing systems, cyber security vulnerabilities, changes to data security, data privacy, and data protection laws, limited protection of our IP, our ability to enhance and develop new technology, our ability to successfully recover from a disaster or business continuity problems, employment liability risk, an impairment in the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets, the effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) on our business and our company, deferred tax assets that we may not be able to use, our ability to develop new products and services, changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions, alignment of our cost structure, risks related to the integration of recently acquired businesses, the utilization and billing rates of our consultants, seasonality and the matters disclosed under the heading Risk Factors in the Companys Exchange Act reports, including Item 1A included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Readers are urged to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are made only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and we undertake no obligation to publicly update these forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.
The following presentation of managements discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Executive Summary
Korn/Ferry International (referred to herein as the Company, Korn Ferry, or in the first person notations we, our, and us) is a global organizational consulting firm. Our services include Executive Search, advisory solutions and products through Hay Group (formerly known as Leadership & Talent Consulting (Legacy LTC) which was combined with HG (Luxembourg) S.à.r.l (Legacy Hay) in December 2015) and recruitment for non-executive professionals and recruitment process outsourcing (RPO) through Futurestep. The Company also operates a Corporate segment to record global expenses of the Company. Approximately 69% of the executive searches we performed in fiscal 2018 were for board level, chief executive and other senior executive and general management positions. Our 3,773 search engagement clients in fiscal 2018 included many of the worlds largest and most prestigious public and private companies. We have built strong client loyalty, with 88% of assignments performed during fiscal 2018 having been on behalf of clients for whom we had conducted assignments in the previous three fiscal years. Approximately 62% of our revenues were generated from clients that utilize multiple lines of business.
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Superior performance comes from having the right conditions for success in two key areasthe organization and its people. Organizational conditions encourage people to put forth their best effort and invest their energy towards achieving the organizations purpose. We can help operationalize a clients complete strategy or address any combination of five broad categories:
Organizational Strategy |
We map talent strategy to business strategy by designing operating models and organizational structures that align to them, helping organizations put their plans into action. We make sure they have the right people, in the right roles, engaged and enabled to do the right things.
|
|
Assessment and Succession |
We provide actionable, research-backed insights that allow organizations to understand the true capabilities of their people so they can make decisions that ensure the right leaders are readywhen and where they are neededin the future.
|
|
Talent Acquisition |
From executive search to recruitment process outsourcing, we integrate scientific research with our practical experience and industry-specific expertise to recruit professionals of all levels and functions for client organizations.
|
|
Leadership Development |
We activate purpose, vision and strategy through leaders at all levels and organizations. We combine expertise, science and proven techniques with forward thinking and creativity to build leadership experiences that help entry- to senior-level leaders grow and deliver superior results.
|
|
Rewards and Benefits |
We help organizations align reward with strategy. We help them pay their people fairly for doing the right thingswith rewards they valueat a cost the organization can afford.
|
The Company currently operates through three business segments: Executive Search, Hay Group and Futurestep. See Note 11Business Segments, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for discussion of the Companys global business segments. The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on the chief operating decision makers review of (1) fee revenue and (2) adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA). To the extent that such charges occur, Adjusted EBITDA excludes restructuring charges, integration/acquisition costs, certain separation costs and certain non-cash charges (goodwill, intangible asset and other than temporary impairment). For fiscal 2017 and 2016, Adjusted EBITDA includes a deferred revenue adjustment related to the Legacy Hay acquisition, reflecting revenue that Hay Group would have realized if not for business combination accounting that requires a company to record the acquisition balance sheet at fair value and write-off deferred revenue where no future services are required to be performed to earn that revenue. For fiscal 2018, management no longer has adjusted fee revenue.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. They have limitations as analytical tools, should not be viewed as a substitute for financial information determined in accordance with United States (U.S.) generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Companys results as reported under GAAP. In addition, they may not necessarily be comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.
Management believes the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures provides meaningful supplemental information regarding Korn Ferrys performance by excluding certain charges, items of income and other items that may not be indicative of Korn Ferrys ongoing operating results. The use of these non-GAAP financial measures facilitates comparisons to Korn Ferrys historical performance and identification of operating trends that may otherwise be distorted by certain charges and other items that may not be indicative of Korn Ferrys ongoing operating results. Korn Ferry includes these non-GAAP financial measures because management believes it is useful to investors in allowing for greater transparency with respect to supplemental information used by management in its evaluation of Korn Ferrys ongoing operations and financial and operational decision-making. The accounting policies for the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, except that the above noted items are excluded from EBITDA to arrive at Adjusted EBITDA. Management further believes that EBITDA is useful to investors because it is frequently used by investors and other interested parties to measure operating performance among companies with different capital structures, effective tax rates and tax attributes and capitalized asset values, all of which can vary substantially from company to company.
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Similarly, adjusted fee revenue, which includes revenue that Hay Group would have realized over the ensuing year after the acquisition if not for business combination accounting that requires a company to record the acquisition balance sheet at fair value and write-off deferred revenue where no future services are required to be performed to earn that revenue, is a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted fee revenue is not a measure that substitutes an individually tailored revenue recognition or measurement method for those of GAAP; rather, it is an adjustment for a short period of time that will provide better comparability in the current and future periods. Management believes the presentation of adjusted fee revenue assists management in its evaluation of ongoing operations and provides useful information to investors because it allows investors to make more meaningful period-to-period comparisons of the Companys operating results, to better identify operating trends that may otherwise be distorted by write-offs required under business combination accounting and to perform related trend analysis and provides a higher degree of transparency of information used by management in its evaluation of Korn Ferrys ongoing operations and financial and operational decision-making.
Fee revenue was $1,767.2 million during fiscal 2018, an increase of $201.7 million, or 13%, compared to $1,565.5 million in fiscal 2017, with increases in fee revenue in all business segments. During fiscal 2018, we recorded operating income of $203.9 million with Executive Search, Hay Group and Futurestep segments contributing $149.3 million, $100.9 million and $39.4 million, respectively, offset by Corporate expenses of $85.7 million. Net income attributable to Korn Ferry increased $49.6 million during fiscal 2018 to $133.8 million from $84.2 million in fiscal 2017. Adjusted EBITDA was $273.8 million, an increase of $38.8 million during fiscal 2018, from Adjusted EBITDA of $235.0 million in the year-ago period. During fiscal 2018, Executive Search, Hay Group and Futurestep segments contributed $158.9 million, $142.0 million and $42.6 million, respectively, offset by Corporate expenses net of other income of $69.7 million.
Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities increased $127.1 million to $657.9 million at April 30, 2018, compared to $530.8 million at April 30, 2017. This increase was mainly due to cash provided by operating activities, offset by bonuses earned in fiscal 2017 and paid during fiscal 2018, sign-on and retention payments, stock repurchases in the open market, payments for the purchase of property and equipment, dividends paid during fiscal 2018 and principal payments on our term loan. As of April 30, 2018, we held marketable securities to settle obligations under our Executive Capital Accumulation Plan (ECAP) with a cost value of $127.1 million and a fair value of $137.1 million. Our vested obligations for which these assets were held in trust totaled $118.2 million as of April 30, 2018 and our unvested obligations totaled $29.5 million.
Our working capital increased by $70.7 million to $455.8 million in fiscal 2018. We believe that cash on hand and funds from operations and other forms of liquidity will be sufficient to meet our anticipated working capital, capital expenditures, general corporate requirements, repayment of the debt obligations incurred in connection with the Legacy Hay acquisition, the retention pool obligations pursuant to the Legacy Hay acquisition and dividend payments under our dividend policy in the next twelve months. We had no outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility at April 30, 2018 and 2017. As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, there was $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, of standby letters of credit issued under our long-term debt arrangements. We had a total of $7.4 million and $8.1 million of standby letters of credits with other financial institutions as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
On June 12, 2018, the Companys Board of Directors approved a plan (the Plan) to go to market under a single, master brand architecture and to simplify the Companys organizational structure by eliminating and/or consolidating certain of the Companys legal entities and implementing a rebranding of the Company to offer the Companys current products and services using the Korn Ferry name, branding and trademarks. In connection with the Plan, the Company intends to sunset all sub-brands, including Futurestep, Hay Group and Lominger, among others. The Company is harmonizing under one brand to help accelerate the firms positioning as the preeminent organizational consultancy and bring more client awareness to its broad range of talent management solutions. The Hay Group back office was fully integrated as of the beginning of fiscal 2018 and the Company then focused on its integrated go-to-market activities. This integrated go-to-market approach was a key driver in the 13% fee revenue growth in fiscal 2018, which led to the decision to further integrate our go-to-market activities under one master brand Korn Ferry. In the near term the Company will discontinue the use of all sub-brands. While the rebranding will not impact the Companys segment financial reporting, starting in the first quarter of fiscal
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2019, the Company will rename its Hay Group segment as Korn Ferry Advisory and its Futurestep segment as Korn Ferry RPO and Professional Search. The Companys Executive Search segment will remain unchanged. In connection with the Plan, the Company also intends to pursue a holding company reorganization which is discussed in further detail in Item 1. Business in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Critical Accounting Policies
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements. Preparation of our periodic filings requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions and changes in the estimates are reported in current operations as new information is learned or upon the amounts becoming fixed and determinable. In preparing our consolidated financial statements and accounting for the underlying transactions and balances, we apply our accounting policies as disclosed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. We consider the policies discussed below as critical to an understanding of our consolidated financial statements because their application places the most significant demands on managements judgment and estimates. Specific risks for these critical accounting policies are described in the following paragraphs. Senior management has discussed the development, selection and key assumptions of the critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
Revenue Recognition. Substantially all fee revenue is derived from fees for professional services related to executive search performed on a retained basis, recruitment for non-executive professionals, recruitment process outsourcing, people and organizational advisory services and the sale of product services. Fee revenue from executive search activities and recruitment for non-executive professionals is generally one-third of the estimated first year compensation of the placed executive or non-executive professional, as applicable, plus a percentage of the fee to cover indirect engagement related expenses. We generally recognize such revenue on a straight-line basis over a three-month period, commencing upon client acceptance, as this is the period over which the recruitment services are performed. Fees earned in excess of the initial contract amount are recognized upon completion of the engagement, which reflect the difference between the final actual compensation of the placed executive and the estimate used for purposes of the previous billings. Since the initial contract fees are typically not contingent upon placement of a candidate, our assumptions primarily relate to establishing the period over which such service is performed. These assumptions determine the timing of revenue recognition and profitability for the reported period. Any revenues associated with services that are provided on a contingent basis are recognized once the contingency is resolved. In addition to recruitment for non-executive professionals, Futurestep provides recruitment process outsourcing services and fee revenue is recognized as services are rendered and/or as milestones are achieved. Fee revenue from Hay Group is recognized as services are rendered for consulting engagements and other time-based services, measured by total hours incurred to the total estimated hours at completion. It is possible that updated estimates for the consulting engagement may vary from initial estimates with such updates being recognized in the period of determination. Depending on the timing of billings and services rendered, we accrue or defer revenue as appropriate. Hay Group revenue is also derived from the sale of product services, which includes revenue from licenses and from the sale of products. Revenue from licenses is recognized using a straight-line method over the term of the contract (generally 12 months). Under the fixed term licenses, we are obligated to provide the licensee with access to any updates to the underlying intellectual property (IP) that are made by us during the term of the license. Once the term of the agreement expires, the clients right to access or use the IP expires and we have no further obligations to the client under the license agreement. Revenue from perpetual licenses is recognized when the license is sold since our only obligation is to provide the client access to the IP but is not obligated to provide maintenance, support, updates or upgrades. Products sold by us mainly consist of books and automated services covering a variety of topics including performance management, team effectiveness, and coaching and development. We recognize revenue for products when the product has been sold or shipped in the case of books. Furthermore, a provision for doubtful accounts on recognized revenue is established with a charge to general and administrative expenses based on historical loss experience, assessment of the collectability of specific accounts, as well as expectations of future collections based upon trends and the type of work for which services are rendered.
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Annual Performance Related Bonuses. Each quarter, management makes its best estimate of its annual performance related bonuses, which requires management to, among other things, project annual consultant productivity (as measured by engagement fees billed and collected by executive search consultants and revenue and other performance/profitability metrics for Hay Group and Futurestep consultants), the level of engagements referred by a consultant in one line of business to a different line of business, our performance including profitability, competitive forces and future economic conditions and their impact on our results. At the end of each fiscal year, annual performance related bonuses take into account final individual consultant productivity (including referred work), Company/line of business results including profitability, the achievement of strategic objectives and the results of individual performance appraisals, and the current economic landscape. Accordingly, each quarter we reevaluate the assumptions used to estimate annual performance related bonus liability and adjust the carrying amount of the liability recorded on the consolidated balance sheets and report any changes in the estimate in current operations. Because annual performance-based bonuses are communicated and paid only after we report our full fiscal year results, actual performance-based bonus payments may differ from the prior years estimate. Such changes in the bonus estimate historically have been immaterial and are recorded in current operations in the period in which they are determined.
Deferred Compensation. Estimating deferred compensation requires assumptions regarding the timing and probability of payments of benefits to participants and the discount rate. Changes in these assumptions could significantly impact the liability and related cost on our consolidated balance sheets and statements of income, respectively. For certain deferred compensation plans, management engages an independent actuary to periodically review these assumptions in order to confirm that they reflect the population and economics of our deferred compensation plans in all material respects and to assist us in estimating our deferred compensation liability and the related cost. The actuarial assumptions we use may differ from actual results due to changing market conditions or changes in the participant population. These differences could have a significant impact on our deferred compensation liability and the related cost.
Carrying Values. Valuations are required under GAAP to determine the carrying value of various assets. Our most significant assets for which management is required to prepare valuations are carrying value of receivables, goodwill, intangible assets, fair value of contingent consideration and recoverability of deferred income taxes. Management must identify whether events have occurred that may impact the carrying value of these assets and make assumptions regarding future events, such as cash flows and profitability. Differences between the assumptions used to prepare these valuations and actual results could materially impact the carrying amount of these assets and our operating results.
Of the assets mentioned above, goodwill is the largest asset requiring a valuation. Fair value of goodwill for purposes of the goodwill impairment test is determined utilizing (1) a discounted cash flow analysis based on forecasted cash flows (including estimated underlying revenue and operating income growth rates) discounted using an estimated weighted-average cost of capital for market participants and (2) a market approach, utilizing observable market data such as comparable companies in similar lines of business that are publicly traded or which are part of a public or private transaction (to the extent available). We also reconcile the results of these analyses to its market capitalization. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, goodwill is considered potentially impaired and further tests are performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. We recorded no goodwill impairment in conjunction with our annual goodwill impairment assessment performed as of January 31, 2018. While historical performance and current expectations have resulted in fair values of goodwill in excess of carrying values, if our assumptions are not realized, it is possible that in the future an impairment charge may need to be recorded. However, it is not possible at this time to determine if an impairment charge would result or if such a charge would be material. Fair value determinations require considerable judgment and are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions and factors. As a result, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the annual goodwill impairment test will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. As of our testing date, the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount and no reporting units were at risk of failing the impairment test. As a result, no impairment charge was recognized. There was also no indication of potential impairment during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 that would have required further testing.
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Examples of events or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to negatively affect the underlying key assumptions and ultimately impact the estimated fair value of the reporting units may include such items as follows:
◾ | A prolonged downturn in the business environment in which the reporting units operate; |
◾ | An economic climate that significantly differs from our future profitability assumptions in timing or degree; |
◾ | The deterioration of the labor markets; and |
◾ | Volatility in equity and debt markets. |
Results of Operations
The following table summarizes the results of our operations as a percentage of fee revenue:
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Reimbursed out-of-pocket engagement expenses |
3.0 | 3.6 | 4.2 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total revenue |
103.0 | 103.6 | 104.2 | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
68.1 | 68.4 | 69.4 | |||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
13.4 | 14.5 | 16.5 | |||||||||||||
Reimbursed expenses |
3.0 | 3.6 | 4.2 | |||||||||||||
Cost of services |
4.2 | 4.6 | 4.6 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2.8 | 3.0 | 2.8 | |||||||||||||
Restructuring charges, net |
| 2.2 | 2.6 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Operating income |
11.5 | 7.3 | 4.1 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net income |
7.7 | % | 5.6 | % | 2.4 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Net income attributable to Korn/Ferry International |
7.6 | % | 5.4 | % | 2.4 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following tables summarize the results of our operations by business segment:
(Numbers may not total exactly due to rounding)
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dollars | % | Dollars | % | Dollars | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Search: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America |
$ | 408,098 | 23.1 | % | $ | 356,625 | 22.8 | % | $ | 371,345 | 28.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||
EMEA |
173,725 | 9.8 | 146,506 | 9.4 | 144,319 | 11.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
96,595 | 5.5 | 80,169 | 5.1 | 80,506 | 6.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Latin America |
30,624 | 1.7 | 34,376 | 2.2 | 26,744 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total Executive Search |
709,042 | 40.1 | 617,676 | 39.5 | 622,914 | 48.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hay Group |
785,013 | 44.4 | 724,186 | 46.3 | 471,145 | 36.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Futurestep |
273,162 | 15.5 | 223,659 | 14.3 | 198,053 | 15.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total fee revenue |
1,767,217 | 100.0 | % | 1,565,521 | 100.0 | % | 1,292,112 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Reimbursed out-of-pocket engagement expense |
52,302 | 56,148 | 54,602 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 1,819,519 | $ | 1,621,669 | $ | 1,346,714 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dollars | Margin(1) | Dollars | Margin(1) | Dollars | Margin(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Search: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America |
$ | 100,037 | 24.5 | % | $ | 81,550 | 22.9 | % | $ | 100,381 | 27.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
EMEA |
26,768 | 15.4 | 27,854 | 19.0 | 20,607 | 14.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
18,425 | 19.1 | 8,580 | 10.7 | 12,572 | 15.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Latin America |
4,022 | 13.1 | 6,268 | 18.2 | (1,854 | ) | (6.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Executive Search |
149,252 | 21.0 | 124,252 | 20.1 | 131,706 | 21.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hay Group |
100,939 | 12.9 | 47,302 | 6.5 | (3,415 | ) | (0.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Futurestep |
39,363 | 14.4 | 29,986 | 13.4 | 26,702 | 13.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate |
(85,670 | ) | (87,100 | ) | (102,301 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating income |
$ | 203,884 | 11.5 | % | $ | 114,440 | 7.3 | % | $ | 52,692 | 4.1 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Margin calculated as a percentage of fee revenue by business segment. |
Year Ended April 30, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Search | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America |
EMEA | Asia Pacific |
Latin America |
Subtotal | Hay Group | Futurestep | Corporate | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
$ | 408,098 | $ | 173,725 | $ | 96,595 | $ | 30,624 | $ | 709,042 | $ | 785,013 | $ | 273,162 | $ | | $ | 1,767,217 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 421,260 | $ | 177,234 | $ | 98,062 | $ | 30,717 | $ | 727,273 | $ | 801,005 | $ | 291,241 | $ | | $ | 1,819,519 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Korn/Ferry International |
$ | 133,779 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
2,118 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
(11,525 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
9,676 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net |
(297 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
70,133 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
$ | 100,037 | $ | 26,768 | $ | 18,425 | $ | 4,022 | $ | 149,252 | $ | 100,939 | $ | 39,363 | $ | (85,670 | ) | $ | 203,884 | |||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,930 | 1,689 | 1,408 | 455 | 7,482 | 31,527 | 3,054 | 6,525 | 48,588 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
845 | 168 | 373 | 181 | 1,567 | 599 | 152 | 9,207 | 11,525 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net |
297 | | | | 297 | | | | 297 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
EBITDA |
105,109 | 28,625 | 20,206 | 4,658 | 158,598 | 133,065 | 42,569 | (69,938 | ) | 264,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges, net |
| | 313 | | 313 | (241 | ) | 6 | | 78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Integration/acquisition costs |
| | | | | 9,151 | | 279 | 9,430 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 105,109 | $ | 28,625 | $ | 20,519 | $ | 4,658 | $ | 158,911 | $ | 141,975 | $ | 42,575 | $ | (69,659) | $ | 273,802 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating margin |
24.5 | % | 15.4 | % | 19.1 | % | 13.1 | % | 21.0 | % | 12.9 | % | 14.4 | % | 11.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA margin |
25.8 | % | 16.5 | % | 21.2 | % | 15.2 | % | 22.4 | % | 18.1 | % | 15.6 | % | 15.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Table of Contents
Year Ended April 30, 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Search | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America |
EMEA | Asia Pacific |
Latin America |
Subtotal | Hay Group | Futurestep | Corporate | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
$ | 356,625 | $ | 146,506 | $ | 80,169 | $ | 34,376 | $ | 617,676 | $ | 724,186 | $ | 223,659 | $ | | $ | 1,565,521 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue |
| | | | | 3,535 | | | 3,535 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted fee revenue |
$ | 356,625 | $ | 146,506 | $ | 80,169 | $ | 34,376 | $ | 617,676 | $ | 727,721 | $ | 223,659 | $ | | $ | 1,569,056 | ||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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Total revenue |
$ | 369,803 | $ | 150,113 | $ | 81,744 | $ | 34,533 | $ | 636,193 | $ | 741,533 | $ | 243,943 | $ | | $ | 1,621,669 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable |
$ | 84,181 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable |
3,057 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
(11,820 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
10,251 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of |
(333 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
29,104 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
$ | 81,550 | $ | 27,854 | $ | 8,580 | $ | 6,268 | $ | 124,252 | $ | 47,302 | $ | 29,986 | $ | (87,100 | ) | $ | 114,440 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and |
3,812 | 1,030 | 1,060 | 483 | 6,385 | 32,262 | 2,818 | 5,795 | 47,260 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
844 | (15 | ) | 300 | 684 | 1,813 | 341 | (91 | ) | 9,757 | 11,820 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of |
333 | | | | 333 | | | | 333 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
EBITDA |
86,539 | 28,869 | 9,940 | 7,435 | 132,783 | 79,905 | 32,713 | (71,548 | ) | 173,853 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges, |
1,719 | 629 | 1,495 | 773 | 4,616 | 29,663 | 101 | 220 | 34,600 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Integration/acquisition |
| | | | | 14,440 | | 7,939 | 22,379 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue |
| | | | | 3,535 | | | 3,535 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Separation costs |
| | | | | 609 | | | 609 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 88,258 | $ | 29,498 | $ | 11,435 | $ | 8,208 | $ | 137,399 | $ | 128,152 | $ | 32,814 | $ | (63,389 | ) | $ | 234,976 | |||||||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
|||||||||||||||||||
Operating margin |
22.9 | % | 19.0 | % | 10.7 | % | 18.2 | % | 20.1 | % | 6.5 | % | 13.4 | % | 7.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA |
24.7 | % | 20.1 | % | 14.3 | % | 23.9 | % | 22.2 | % | 17.6 | % | 14.7 | % | 15.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Year Ended April 30, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Executive Search | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America |
EMEA |
Asia Pacific |
Latin America |
Subtotal | Hay Group | Futurestep | Corporate | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
$ | 371,345 | $ | 144,319 | $ | 80,506 | $ | 26,744 | $ | 622,914 | $ | 471,145 | $ | 198,053 | $ | | $ | 1,292,112 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue |
| | | | | 10,967 | | | 10,967 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Adjusted fee revenue |
$ | 371,345 | $ | 144,319 | $ | 80,506 | $ | 26,744 | $ | 622,914 | $ | 482,112 | $ | 198,053 | $ | | $ | 1,303,079 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total revenue |
$ | 386,256 | $ | 148,285 | $ | 83,206 | $ | 26,781 | $ | 644,528 | $ | 488,217 | $ | 213,969 | $ | | $ | 1,346,714 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable |
$ | 30,913 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable |
520 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other loss, net |
4,167 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income, net |
(237 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of |
(1,631 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax provision |
18,960 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operating income (loss) |
$ | 100,381 | $ | 20,607 | $ | 12,572 | $ | (1,854 | ) | $ | 131,706 | $ | (3,415 | ) | $ | 26,702 | $ | (102,301 | ) | $ | 52,692 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and |
3,267 | 1,029 | 941 | 312 | 5,549 | 21,854 | 2,386 | 6,431 | 36,220 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(147 | ) | 433 | 21 | 312 | 619 | (868 | ) | 364 | (4,282 | ) | (4,167 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of |
437 | | | | 437 | | | 1,194 | 1,631 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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EBITDA |
103,938 | 22,069 | 13,534 | (1,230 | ) | 138,311 | 17,571 | 29,452 | (98,958 | ) | 86,376 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Restructuring charges, |
499 | 5,807 | 577 | 322 | 7,205 | 25,682 | 49 | 77 | 33,013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Integration/acquisition |
| | | | | 17,607 | | 27,802 | 45,409 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Venezuelan foreign |
| | | 6,635 | 6,635 | 7,085 | | | 13,720 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue |
| | | | | 10,967 | | | 10,967 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Separation costs |
| | | | | | | 744 | 744 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 104,437 | $ | 27,876 | $ | 14,111 | $ | 5,727 | $ | 152,151 | $ | 78,912 | $ | 29,501 | $ | (70,335 | ) | $ | 190,229 | |||||||||||||||||
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Operating margin |
27.0 | % | 14.3 | % | 15.6 | % | (6.9 | )% | 21.1 | % | (0.7 | )% | 13.5 | % | 4.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
28.1 | % | 19.3 | % | 17.5 | % | 21.4 | % | 24.4 | % | 16.4 | % | 14.9 | % | 14.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Fiscal 2018 Compared to Fiscal 2017
Fee Revenue
Fee Revenue. Fee revenue went up by $201.7 million, or 13%, to $1,767.2 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $1,565.5 million in fiscal 2017. Exchange rates favorably impacted fee revenue by $35.3 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The higher fee revenue was attributable to organic growth in all lines of business.
Executive Search. Executive Search reported fee revenue of $709.0 million, an increase of $91.3 million, or 15%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $617.7 million in the year-ago period. As detailed below, Executive Search fee revenue was
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higher in North America, EMEA and Asia Pacific, partially offset by lower fee revenue in the Latin America region in fiscal 2018 as compared to fiscal 2017. The higher fee revenue in Executive Search was mainly due to a 9% increase in the number of engagements billed and a 3% increase in the weighted-average fees billed per engagement (calculated using local currency) during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Exchange rates favorably impacted fee revenue by $12.3 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2018, compared to the year-ago period.
North America reported fee revenue of $408.1 million, an increase of $51.5 million, or 14%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $356.6 million in the year-ago period. North Americas fee revenue was higher due to an 11% increase in the number of engagements billed and a 3% increase in the weighted-average fees billed per engagement (calculated using local currency) during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. All business sectors contributed to the growth in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 as compared to fiscal 2017, with industrial, technology and financial services contributing the most. The effect of exchange rates on fee revenue was minimal in fiscal 2018, compared to the year-ago period.
EMEA reported fee revenue of $173.7 million, an increase of $27.2 million, or 19%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $146.5 million in fiscal 2017. The favorable effect of exchange rates on fee revenue was $8.8 million, or 6%, in fiscal 2018, compared to the year-ago period. The increase in fee revenue was due to a 10% increase in the number of engagements billed, partially offset by a 2% decrease in the weighted-average fees billed per engagement (calculated using local currency) during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The performance in the United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the primary contributors to the increase in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. All business sectors contributed to the growth in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 as compared to the year-ago period, with industrial, financial services and consumer goods contributing the most.
Asia Pacific reported fee revenue of $96.6 million, an increase of $16.4 million, or 20%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $80.2 million in fiscal 2017. The increase in fee revenue was due to an 8% increase in the number of engagements billed and an 8% increase in the weighted-average fees billed per engagement (calculated using local currency) in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The performance in China, Australia, Singapore, and Japan were the primary contributors to the increase in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period, partially offset by a decrease in fee revenue in New Zealand. All business sectors contributed to the growth in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 as compared to the year-ago period, with financial services, life sciences/healthcare, and technology contributing the most. The favorable effect of exchange rates on fee revenue was $2.3 million, or 3%, compared to the year-ago period.
Latin America reported fee revenue of $30.6 million, a decrease of $3.8 million, or 11%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $34.4 million in fiscal 2017. The decrease in fee revenue was due to lower fee revenue in Mexico in fiscal 2018, compared to the year-ago period, partially offset by higher fee revenue in Argentina. Financial services and consumer goods were the main sectors contributing to the decline in fee revenue in fiscal 2018, compared to the year-ago period. The effect of exchange rates on fee revenue was minimal.
Hay Group. Hay Group reported fee revenue of $785.0 million, an increase of $60.8 million, or 8%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $724.2 million in fiscal 2017. Exchange rates favorably impacted fee revenue by $17.4 million, or 2%, compared to the year-ago period. Fee revenue from consulting services was higher by $42.8 million in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period, with the remaining increase of $18.0 million generated by our products business.
Futurestep. Futurestep reported fee revenue of $273.2 million, an increase of $49.5 million, or 22%, in fiscal 2018 compared to $223.7 million in fiscal 2017. Higher fee revenues in RPO and professional search of $33.3 million and $18.1 million, respectively, drove the increase in fee revenue. Exchange rates favorably impacted fee revenue by $5.6 million, or 3%, compared to the year-ago period.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits expense increased $132.1 million, or 12%, to $1,203.6 million in fiscal 2018 from $1,071.5 million in fiscal 2017. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted compensation and benefits expenses by $23.0 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The increase in compensation and benefits was primarily due to a 9% increase in the average consultant headcount, which contributed $80.4 million in higher salaries and related payroll taxes, $8.1 million more in expenses associated with our deferred compensation and
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retirement plans (includes the increases in the fair value of participants accounts) and an increase of $5.8 million in employer insurance costs in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The rest of the change was due to $40.8 million increase in performance-related bonus expense mainly due to the increase in fee revenue and $11.3 million increase in amortization of long term incentive awards, offset by a $9.8 million decrease in integration costs and $2.9 million from the change in the cash surrender value (CSV) of company owned life insurance (COLI) in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The change in the CSV of COLI decreased compensation and benefits expense in fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017 due to larger increases in the market value of the underlying investments due to market changes. COLI is held to fund other deferred compensation retirement plans (See Note 6Deferred Compensation and Retirement Plans, included in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements). Compensation and benefits expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 68% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Executive Search compensation and benefits expense increased by $60.0 million, or 15%, to $469.0 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $409.0 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was primarily due to higher salary cost and related payroll taxes of $24.8 million due to a 5% increase in average headcount reflecting our continued growth-related investment back into the business. Also contributing to the increase in compensation and benefits expense was a $17.1 million increase in performance related bonus expense compared to the year-ago period, an $8.4 million increase in amortization of long-term incentive awards, and an increase of $4.9 million in expenses associated with our deferred compensation and retirement plans (includes the increases in the fair value of participants accounts). The increase in performance related bonus expense was due to a 15% increase in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Executive Search compensation and benefits expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 66% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Hay Group compensation and benefits expense increased $34.8 million, or 8%, to $496.9 million in fiscal 2018 from $462.1 million in fiscal 2017. The change was primarily due to increases in salaries and related payroll taxes of $25.3 million and $4.1 million increase in expenses associated with our deferred compensation and retirement plans (includes the increases in the fair value of participants accounts). Also contributing to the increase in compensation and benefits expense was an increase of $10.5 million in performance related bonus expense and $2.8 million more in employer insurance costs, offset by a decrease in integration costs of $6.3 million compared to year-ago period. Hay Group compensation and benefits expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 63% in fiscal 2018 compared to 64% in the year-ago period.
Futurestep compensation and benefits expense increased $38.4 million, or 25%, to $193.2 million in fiscal 2018 from $154.8 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was due to higher salaries and related payroll taxes of $26.8 million due to a 20% increase in the average headcount in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The higher average headcount was primarily driven by the need to service an increase in fee revenue in both the professional search and RPO businesses. Also contributing to the increase in compensation and benefits expense was an increase of $11.3 million in performance related bonus expense due to a 22% increase in fee revenue in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Futurestep compensation and benefits expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 71% in fiscal 2018 compared to 69% in the year-ago period.
Corporate compensation and benefits expense decreased by $1.0 million, or 2%, to $44.6 million in fiscal 2018 from $45.6 million in fiscal 2017. This change was mainly due to a decrease of $3.5 million in integration costs in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period and $2.9 million from the change in the CSV of COLI that decreased compensation and benefits expense in fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017 due to larger increases in the market value of the underlying investments due to market changes. These decreases in compensation and benefit expense were partially offset by $3.5 million in higher salaries and related taxes in order to support the overall growth in the entire business.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased $11.2 million, or 5%, to $237.4 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $226.2 million in fiscal 2017. The increase in general and administrative expenses was due to increases of $6.2 million and $2.2 million in legal and other professional fees and premise and office expenses, respectively, offset by a decline of $3.8 million in integration costs during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. The rest of the change was primarily due to generating foreign exchange loss of $3.3 million during fiscal 2018 compared to
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a foreign exchange gain of $0.3 million in fiscal 2017. General and administrative expenses, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 13% in fiscal 2018 compared to 14% in fiscal 2017. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted general and administrative expenses by $3.7 million, or 2%, during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period.
Executive Search general and administrative expenses increased $8.0 million, or 11%, to $77.7 million in fiscal 2018 from $69.7 million in fiscal 2017. General and administrative expenses increased due to generating foreign exchange losses of $1.2 million during fiscal 2018 compared to a foreign exchange gain of $1.3 million during the year-ago period and an increase in legal and other professional fees of $0.9 million. The rest of the change was due to an increase in $0.8 million in marketing and business development expenses to support the higher fee revenues generated in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period, $0.7 million increase in premise and office expenses, and an increase in bad debt expense of $0.6 million. Executive Search general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 11% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Hay Group general and administrative expenses increased $1.3 million to $98.4 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $97.1 million in the year-ago period. General and administrative expenses increased due to a foreign exchange loss of $1.1 million during fiscal 2018 compared to a foreign exchange gain of $0.2 million in fiscal 2017. Hay Group general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 13% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Futurestep general and administrative expenses increased $2.8 million, or 12%, to $26.7 million in fiscal 2018 from $23.9 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was due primarily to increases in premise and office expenses, bad debt expense and legal and other professional fees of $1.2 million, $1.0 million and $0.4 million, respectively, in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Futurestep general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 10% in fiscal 2018 compared to 11% in fiscal 2017.
Corporate general and administrative expenses decreased $0.9 million, or 3%, to $34.6 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $35.5 million in fiscal 2017. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was due to a decrease of $4.2 million in integration costs associated with the Legacy Hay acquisition and $0.8 million in business development expenses, offset by an increase in legal and other professional fees of $4.3 million during fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017.
Cost of Services Expense
Cost of services expense consists primarily of non-billable contractor and product costs related to the delivery of various services and products, primarily in Futurestep and Hay Group. Cost of services expense was $73.7 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $71.5 million in fiscal 2017. Cost of services expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 4% in fiscal 2018 as compared to 5% in the year-ago period.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
Depreciation and amortization expenses were $48.6 million, an increase of $1.3 million, in fiscal 2018 compared to $47.3 million in fiscal 2017. The increase relates primarily to technology investments made in the current and prior year in software and computer equipment, in addition to increases in leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures.
Restructuring Charges, Net
The Company continued the implementation of the fiscal 2016 restructuring plan in fiscal 2017 in order to integrate the Hay Group entities that were acquired in fiscal 2016 by eliminating redundant positions and operational, general and administrative expenses and consolidating premises. This resulted in restructuring charges of $34.6 million in fiscal 2017, of which $16.0 million related to severance and $18.6 million related to consolidation of premises. Fiscal 2018 restructuring charges were minimal.
Operating Income
Operating income was $203.9 million, an increase of $89.5 million, in fiscal 2018 as compared to $114.4 million in fiscal 2017. This increase in operating income resulted from higher fee revenue of $201.7 million and a decrease in restructuring charges, net of $34.5 million, offset by increases of $132.1 million in compensation and benefits
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expense, $11.2 million in general and administrative expenses, $2.2 million in cost of services expense, and $1.3 million in depreciation and amortization expenses.
Executive Search operating income increased $25.0 million, or 20%, to $149.3 million in fiscal 2018 as compared to $124.3 million in fiscal 2017. The increase in Executive Search operating income was driven by increases in higher fee revenue of $91.3 million and a decrease in restructuring charges, net of $4.3 million, offset by increases in compensation and benefits expense, general and administrative expenses, cost of services expense and depreciation and amortization expenses of $60.0 million, $8.0 million, $1.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Executive Search operating income, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 21% in fiscal 2018 as compared to 20% in the year-ago period.
Hay Group operating income was $100.9 million, an increase of $53.6 million, or 113%, in fiscal 2018 as compared to operating income of $47.3 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in fee revenue of $60.8 million and a decrease in restructuring charges, net of $29.9 million, offset by an increase of $34.8 million in compensation and benefits expense, $1.8 million in cost of services expense, and $1.3 million in general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Hay Group operating income, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 13% in fiscal 2018 compared to 7% in the year-ago period.
Futurestep operating income was $39.4 million, an increase of $9.4 million, in fiscal 2018 as compared to $30.0 million in fiscal 2017. The increase in operating income was driven by higher fee revenue of $49.5 million, offset by an increase in compensation and benefits expense of $38.4 million and general and administrative expenses of $2.8 million. Futurestep operating income, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 14% in fiscal 2018 compared to 13% in the year-ago period.
Net Income Attributable to Korn Ferry
Net income attributable to Korn Ferry increased by $49.6 million to $133.8 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $84.2 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was due to higher total revenue of $197.8 million, offset by higher operating expenses of $108.4 million and an increase in income tax provision of $41.0 million partially due to the enactment of the Tax Act compared to the year-ago period. Net income attributable to Korn Ferry, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 8% in fiscal 2018 as compared to 5% in the year-ago period.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA increased by $38.8 million, or 17% to $273.8 million in fiscal 2018 as compared to $235.0 million in fiscal 2017. This increase was driven by higher adjusted fee revenue of $198.1 million, offset by increases of $141.9 million in compensation and benefits expense (excluding integration costs), $14.9 million in general and administrative expenses (excluding integration costs) and $2.2 million in cost of services expense compared to the year-ago period. Adjusted EBITDA, as a percentage of adjusted fee revenue, was 15% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Executive Search Adjusted EBITDA increased $21.5 million, or 16%, to $158.9 million in fiscal 2018 as compared to $137.4 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was driven by higher fee revenue of $91.3 million, offset by increases of $60.0 million in compensation and benefits expense, $8.0 million in general and administrative expenses, and an increase in cost of services expense of $1.6 million during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Executive Search Adjusted EBITDA, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 22% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Hay Group Adjusted EBITDA was $142.0 million, an increase of $13.8 million, or 11%, in fiscal 2018 as compared to $128.2 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was driven by higher adjusted fee revenue of $57.3 million, offset by increases of $41.1 million in compensation and benefits expense (excluding integration costs), $0.9 million in general and administrative expenses (excluding integration costs), and an increase in cost of services expense of $1.8 million during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Hay Group Adjusted EBITDA, as a percentage of adjusted fee revenue, was 18% in both fiscal 2018 and 2017.
Futurestep Adjusted EBITDA was $42.6 million in fiscal 2018, an increase of $9.8 million, or 30%, as compared to $32.8 million in fiscal 2017. The increase was driven by higher fee revenue of $49.5 million, offset by increases of $38.4 million in compensation and benefits expense and $2.8 million in general and administrative expenses
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during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period. Futurestep Adjusted EBITDA, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 16% in fiscal 2018 compared to 15% in the year-ago period.
Other Income (Loss), Net
Other income, net was $11.5 million in fiscal 2018 as compared to $11.8 million in fiscal 2017. The decrease was primarily due to the change in the fair value of our marketable securities, where there was a smaller gain during fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period.
Interest (Expense) Income, Net
Interest (expense) income, net primarily relates to our term loan facility and borrowings under our COLI policies, which was partially offset by interest earned on cash and cash equivalent balances. Interest expense, net was $9.7 million in fiscal 2018 as compared to $10.3 million in fiscal 2017.
Income Tax Provision
The provision for income tax was $70.1 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $29.1 million in the year-ago period. This reflects a 34% and 25% effective tax rate for fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. In fiscal 2018 the effective tax rate was significantly impacted by the December 22, 2017 enactment of the Tax Act as a result of which, Korn Ferry recorded a provisional tax charge of $18.4 million as a one-time tax on accumulated foreign earnings (the Transition Tax), and a provisional tax benefit of $5.9 million from the remeasurement of our U.S. federal deferred tax assets and liabilities. Korn Ferry will continue to appropriately refine these amounts within the measurement period allowed by SAB No.118, which will be completed no later than December 22, 2018.
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the portion of a subsidiarys net earnings that are attributable to shares of such subsidiary not held by Korn Ferry that are included in the consolidated results of operations. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest for fiscal 2018 and 2017 was $2.1 million compared to $3.1 million, respectively.
Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016
Fee Revenue
Fee Revenue. Fee revenue increased $273.4 million, or 21%, to $1,565.5 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $1,292.1 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted fee revenue by $27.9 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2017. The higher fee revenue was attributable to growth in Hay Group and Futurestep, offset by a decrease in Executive Search. The increase in Hay Group was primarily due to the Legacy Hay acquisition that was completed on December 1, 2015.
Executive Search. Executive Search reported fee revenue of $617.7 million, a decrease of $5.2 million, or 1%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $622.9 million in fiscal 2016. As detailed below, Executive Search fee revenue was lower in North America and Asia Pacific regions, offset by higher fee revenue in the Latin America and EMEA regions in fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted fee revenue by $12.3 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2017.
North America reported fee revenue of $356.6 million, a decrease of $14.8 million, or 4%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $371.4 million in fiscal 2016. North Americas decrease in fee revenue is primarily due a 3% decrease in the weighted-average fees billed per engagement (calculated using local currency) and 1% decrease in the number of engagements billed during fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016. The overall decrease in fee revenue was driven by a decline in the life sciences/healthcare, education/non-profit and financial services sectors as compared to the year-ago period, partially offset by an increase in the industrial sector. Exchange rates did not impact fee revenue in fiscal 2017 when compared to the year-ago period.
EMEA reported fee revenue of $146.5 million, an increase of $2.2 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $144.3 million in fiscal 2016. The increase in fee revenue was due to a 6% increase in the number of engagements billed and a 2% increase in the weighted-average fees billed per engagement (calculated using local
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currency) during fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016. This was offset by unfavorable exchange rates which impacted fee revenue by $10.0 million, or 7%, in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The performance in existing offices in Germany, United Arab Emirates and Denmark were the primary contributors to the increase in fee revenue in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, offset by a decrease in fee revenue in United Kingdom, France and Switzerland. In terms of business sectors, the technology and industrial sectors had the largest increase in fee revenue in fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016, partially offset by a decrease in fee revenue in the financial services, consumer goods and life sciences/healthcare sectors.
Asia Pacific reported fee revenue of $80.2 million in fiscal 2017, essentially flat with the $80.5 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted fee revenue by $0.5 million in fiscal 2017 when compared to the year-ago period. There were decreases in Hong Kong and Australia which were offset by an increase in fee revenue in China and Taiwan. Fee revenue in the technology, financial services and education/non-profit sectors decreased in fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016, offset by an increase in fee revenue in the consumer goods and industrial sectors.
Latin America reported fee revenue of $34.4 million, an increase of $7.7 million, or 29%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $26.7 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted fee revenue in Latin America by $1.7 million, or 6%, in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The increase is due to $11.0 million in fee revenue from our Mexico subsidiary that we began consolidating in the fourth quarter of 2016 as a result of obtaining control of the entity. The rest of the change primarily relates to a decrease in fee revenue in Venezuela caused by currency devaluation, offset by higher fee revenues in Brazil in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. Industrial, life sciences/healthcare and financial services were the main sectors contributing to the growth in fee revenue in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, offset by a decrease in fee revenue in the consumer goods sector.
Hay Group. Hay Group reported fee revenue of $724.2 million, an increase of $253.1 million, or 54%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $471.1 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted fee revenue by $11.0 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2017. The increase in fee revenue was primarily due to the Legacy Hay acquisition that was completed on December 1, 2015. As a result of the Legacy Hay acquisition, consulting fee revenue was higher by $146.5 million in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, with the remaining increase of $106.6 million generated by higher fee revenue from our products business.
Futurestep. Futurestep reported fee revenue of $223.7 million, an increase of $25.6 million, or 13%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $198.1 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates unfavorably impacted fee revenue by $4.6 million, or 2%, in fiscal 2017. Higher fee revenues in RPO and professional search of $13.6 million and $12.2 million, respectively, drove the increase in fee revenue.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits expense increased $174.1 million, or 19%, to $1,071.5 million in fiscal 2017 from $897.4 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates favorably impacted compensation and benefits expense by $17.2 million, or 2%, during fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The Legacy Hay acquisition was the main factor that contributed to the increase in compensation and benefits expense. Given the size of the Legacy Hay acquisition, all components of compensation and benefits expense increased with salaries and related payroll taxes, insurance costs and deferred compensation seeing the largest increases. Compensation and benefits expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 68% in fiscal 2017 compared to 69% in fiscal 2016.
Executive Search compensation and benefits expense increased $8.1 million, or 2%, to $409.0 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $400.9 million in fiscal 2016. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the fair value of amounts owed under certain deferred compensation plans of $10.3 million and higher salaries and related payroll expense of $10.9 million due to a 7% increase in average consultant headcount reflecting our continued growth-related investments back into the business in fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period. The rest of the change was due to an increase of $6.7 million in the amortization of long-term incentive awards, offset by lower performance related bonus expense of $15.6 million during fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The decrease in performance related bonus expense was primarily due to lower fee revenue and profitability. Executive Search compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of fee revenue decreased to 66% in fiscal 2017 compared to 64% in fiscal 2016.
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Hay Group compensation and benefits expense increased $146.9 million, or 47%, to $462.1 million in fiscal 2017 from $315.2 million in fiscal 2016. The increase in compensation and benefits was primarily due to the Legacy Hay acquisition, which increased our average headcount during fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, resulting in higher salaries and related payroll taxes, performance related bonus expense, insurance costs, retirement plans and recruiting costs of $101.8 million, $15.1 million, $6.7 million, $6.5 million and $4.2 million, respectively. Hay Group compensation and benefits expense, as a percentage of fee revenue, decreased to 64% in fiscal 2017 from 67% in the year-ago period.
Futurestep compensation and benefits expense increased $18.7 million, or 14%, to $154.8 million in fiscal 2017 from $136.1 million in fiscal 2016. The increase was due to a 21% increase in the average headcount in fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period that resulted in higher salaries and related payroll taxes and insurance costs of $19.8 million and $1.9 million, respectively, partially offset by lower performance related bonus expense. The higher average headcount was primarily driven by the need to service an increase in fee revenue in both the professional search and RPO businesses. Futurestep compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of fee revenue was 69% in both fiscal 2017 and 2016.
Corporate compensation and benefits expense increased $0.4 million, or 1%, to $45.6 million in fiscal 2017 from $45.2 million in fiscal 2016. This increase was mainly due to $1.6 million in higher outside contractor costs and a change in the fair value of vested amounts owed under certain deferred compensation plans of $1.5 million in fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period. Offsetting these increases in compensation and benefit expense was a decline in integration/acquisition costs and certain separation costs of $2.2 million in fiscal 2017 as compared to the year-ago period.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased $13.2 million, or 6%, to $226.2 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $213.0 million in fiscal 2016. Exchange rates favorably impacted general and administrative expenses by $5.2 million, or 2%, during fiscal 2017. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the Legacy Hay acquisition that took place in fiscal 2016, partially offset by a decrease of $20.3 million in integration/acquisition costs and $13.7 million of Venezuelan foreign currency loss compared to the year-ago period. The Legacy Hay acquisition was the main factor that contributed to increases of $27.0 million, $8.4 million, $5.3 million and $4.4 million, in premise and office expenses, marketing and business development expenses, travel-related expenses, and bad debt expense, respectively. General and administration expenses as a percentage of fee revenue was 14% in fiscal 2017 compared to 16% in fiscal 2016.
Executive Search general and administrative expenses decreased $5.6 million, or 7%, to $69.7 million in fiscal 2017 from $75.3 million in fiscal 2016. The decrease was due to the $6.6 million in Venezuelan foreign currency loss incurred in fiscal 2016, offset by higher bad debt expense of $1.5 million in fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period. Executive Search general and administrative expenses as a percentage of fee revenue was 11% in fiscal 2017 compared to 12% in fiscal 2016.
Hay Group general and administrative expenses increased $31.5 million, or 48%, to $97.1 million in fiscal 2017 from $65.6 million in fiscal 2016. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the Legacy Hay acquisition that took place in fiscal 2016, partially offset by a decrease of $1.8 million in integration/acquisition costs and $7.1 million of Venezuelan foreign currency loss compared to the year-ago period. The acquisition of Legacy Hay was the main factor for increases of $24.0 million, $4.7 million, $4.2 million, $2.5 million and $1.6 million in premise and office expenses, marketing and business development expenses, travel-related expenses, bad debt expense and legal and other professional fees, respectively. Hay Group general and administrative expenses as a percentage of fee revenue was 13% in fiscal 2017 compared to 14% in fiscal 2016.
Futurestep general and administrative expenses increased $2.5 million, or 12%, to $23.9 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $21.4 million in fiscal 2016. General and administrative expenses increased $1.4 million, $0.4 million and $0.4 million in premise and office expenses, marketing and business development expenses and bad debt expense, respectively, during fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period due in large part to an increase in fee revenue. Futurestep general and administrative expenses as a percentage of fee revenue was 11% in both fiscal 2017 and 2016.
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Corporate general and administrative expenses decreased $15.2 million, or 30%, to $35.5 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $50.7 million in fiscal 2016. General and administrative expenses decreased due to a decline of $18.4 million in integration/acquisition costs, offset by increases of $3.2 million in marketing and business development expenses in fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period.
Cost of Services Expense
Cost of services expense consist primarily of non-billable contractor and product costs related to the delivery of various services and products, primarily in Futurestep and Hay Group. Cost of services expense increased $11.7 million, or 20%, to $71.5 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $59.8 million in fiscal 2016. The increase is mainly due to higher fee revenue in Hay Group due to the Legacy Hay acquisition. Cost of services expense as a percentage of fee revenue was 5% in both fiscal 2017 and 2016.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
Depreciation and amortization expenses were $47.3 million in fiscal 2017, an increase of $11.1 million compared to $36.2 million in fiscal 2016. The increase is mainly due to the Legacy Hay acquisition. The increase relates primarily to technology investments that were made in the current and prior year in software and computer equipment, in addition to increases in leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures (associated with our office co-location) and intangible assets.
Restructuring Charges, Net
We continued the implementation of the fiscal 2016 restructuring plan in order to integrate the Hay Group entities that were acquired in the prior year by eliminating redundant positions and operational, general and administrative expenses and consolidation of office space. As a result, we recorded $34.6 million of restructuring charges in fiscal 2017, of which $16.0 million related to severance costs and $18.6 million related to the consolidation of office space.
During fiscal 2016, we implemented a restructuring plan in order to rationalize our cost structure in order to eliminate redundant positions and consolidation of office space that were created due to the acquisition of Legacy Hay. As a result, we recorded $33.0 million of restructuring charges, with $32.1 million of severance and $0.9 million relating to the consolidation/abandonment of premises during fiscal 2016.
Operating Income
Operating income increased $61.7 million, or 117%, to $114.4 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $52.7 million in fiscal 2016. This increase in operating income resulted from $273.4 million in higher fee revenue, offset by an increase of $174.1 million in compensation and benefits expense. The rest of the change was due to increases of $13.2 million in general and administrative expenses, $11.7 million in cost of services expense, and $11.1 million of depreciation and amortization expenses during fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. Operating income as a percentage of fee revenue was 7% in fiscal 2017 compared to 4% in fiscal 2016.
Executive Search operating income was $124.3 million, a decrease of $7.4 million, or 6%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $131.7 million in fiscal 2016. The decrease in Executive Search operating income was driven by lower fee revenue of $5.2 million and higher compensation and benefits expense of $8.1 million, offset by a decrease in general and administrative expenses of $5.6 million. Executive Search operating income as a percentage of fee revenue was 20% in fiscal 2017 compared to 21% in fiscal 2016.
Hay Group operating income increased by $50.7 million to $47.3 million in fiscal 2017 compared to operating loss of $3.4 million in fiscal 2016. The change was primarily driven by the Legacy Hay acquisition resulting in an increase in fee revenue of $253.1 million, offset by increases in compensation and benefits expense, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization expenses, cost of services expense and restructuring charges, net of $146.9 million, $31.5 million, $10.4 million, $9.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively in fiscal 2017 compared to 2016. Hay Group operating income as a percentage of fee revenue was 7% in fiscal 2017 compared to operating loss as a percentage of fee revenue of 1% in fiscal 2016.
Futurestep operating income increased by $3.3 million to $30.0 million in fiscal 2017 from $26.7 million in fiscal 2016. The increase in Futurestep operating income was primarily due to higher fee revenues of $25.6 million,
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partially offset by increases of $18.7 million in compensation and benefits expense and $2.5 million in general and administrative expenses. Futurestep operating income, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 13% in both fiscal 2017 and 2016.
Net Income Attributable to Korn Ferry
Net income attributable to Korn Ferry increased $53.3 million, or 172%, to $84.2 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $30.9 million in fiscal 2016. The increase was due primarily to higher total revenue of $275.0 million, offset by higher operating expenses of $213.2 million and an increase in income tax provision of $10.1 million. Net income attributable to Korn Ferry, as a percentage of fee revenue, was 5% during fiscal 2017 as compared to 2% in the year-ago period.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA increased $44.8 million, or 24%, to $235.0 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $190.2 million in fiscal 2016. This increase was driven by higher adjusted fee revenue of $266.0 million, and an increase in other income, net due to the change in fair value of our marketable securities of $16.0 million in fiscal 2017 compared to the year-ago period, offset by increases of $177.0 million, $47.2 million and $11.7 million in compensation and benefits expense, general and administrative expenses and cost of services expense, respectively. Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of fee revenue was 15% in both fiscal 2017 and 2016.
Executive Search Adjusted EBITDA was $137.4 million, a decrease of $14.8 million, or 10%, in fiscal 2017 compared to $152.2 million in fiscal 2016. This decrease was due to lower fee revenue of $5.2 million and higher compensation and benefits expense and general and administrative expenses of $8.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Executive Search Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of fee revenue was 22% in fiscal 2017 as compared to 24% in fiscal 2016.
Hay Group Adjusted EBITDA increased by $49.3 million to $128.2 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $78.9 million in fiscal 2016. This increase was due to higher adjusted fee revenue of $245.6 million, offset by an increase in compensation and benefit expense, general and administrative expenses and cost of services expense of $147.6 million, $40.5 million and $9.5 million, respectively. The higher compensation and benefit expense was driven mainly by increases in salaries and related payroll taxes due to an increase in average headcount and an increase in performance related bonus expense. Hay Group Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of fee revenue was 18% in fiscal 2017 compared to 16% in fiscal 2016.
Futurestep Adjusted EBITDA increased by $3.3 million to $32.8 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $29.5 million in fiscal 2016. The increase in Futurestep Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to higher fee revenue of $25.6 million, offset by an increase in compensation and benefits expense and in general and administrative expenses of $18.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively, during fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016. The increase in compensation and benefits expense was primarily driven by higher salaries and related payroll taxes due to an increase in average headcount. Futurestep Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of fee revenue was 15% in both fiscal 2017 and 2016.
Other Income (Loss), Net
Other income, net was $11.8 million in fiscal 2017 as compared to other loss, net of $4.2 million in fiscal 2016. The change in other income (loss), net is primarily due to the increase in the fair value of our marketable securities, held in trust for settlement of our obligations under certain deferred compensation plans, during fiscal 2017 compared to the decrease in the fair value of our marketable securities in the year-ago period.
Interest (Expense) Income, Net
Interest (expense) income, net primarily relates to our term loan facility that we entered into in the current fiscal year to provide enhanced financial flexibility and in recognition of the accelerated pace of the Legacy Hay integration. It also includes interest on our borrowings under our COLI policies and interest earned on cash and cash equivalent balances. Interest expense, net was $10.3 million in fiscal 2017 compared to interest income, net of $0.3 million in fiscal 2016.
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Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries is comprised of our less than 50% interest in IGroup, LLC, which is engaged in organizing, planning and conducting conferences and training programs throughout the world for directors, chief executive officers, other senior level executives and also includes earnings of our Mexico subsidiary for the first nine months in fiscal 2016. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we obtained control of our Mexico subsidiary and began to consolidate the operations. Equity in earnings was $0.3 million in fiscal 2017 as compared to $1.6 million in fiscal 2016. The decrease is due to the consolidation of our Mexico subsidiary in fiscal 2017, which is now included in operations.
Income Tax Provision
The provision for income taxes was $29.1 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $19.0 million in fiscal 2016, reflecting a 25% and 39% effective tax rate, respectively. The lower effective tax rate in fiscal 2017 was due primarily to a higher percentage of taxable income arising in jurisdictions outside of the U.S. with lower statutory tax rates. The effective tax rate in fiscal 2016 was higher largely due to the impact of non-deductible expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition of Legacy Hay and non-deductible charges related to the devaluation of the Venezuelan currency.
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the portion of a subsidiarys net earnings that are attributable to shares of such subsidiary not held by Korn Ferry that are included in the consolidated results of operations. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we obtained control of our Mexico subsidiary and began to consolidate the operations. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in fiscal 2017 was $3.1 million compared to $0.5 million in fiscal 2016.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company and its Board of Directors endorse a balanced approach to capital allocation. The Companys priority is to invest in growth initiatives, such as the hiring of consultants, the continued development of IP and derivative products and services, and the investment in synergistic, accretive merger and acquisition transactions that earn a return that is superior to the Companys cost of capital. Next, the Companys capital allocation approach contemplates the return of a portion of excess capital to stockholders, in the form of a regular quarterly dividend, subject to the factors discussed below and in the Risk Factors section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additionally, the Company considers share repurchases on an opportunistic basis and subject to the terms of our credit agreement.
On June 15, 2016, we entered into a senior secured $400 million Credit Agreement with a syndicate of banks and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as administrative agent, to provide for enhanced financial flexibility and in recognition of the accelerated pace of the Legacy Hay integration. See Note 10Long-Term Debt for a description of the credit facility. In anticipation of the Plan, on June 8, 2018, we entered into an amendment (the Amendment) to the Credit Agreement. The Amendment permits the KF Merger, and will become effective when certain conditions set forth therein, including consummation of the KF Merger, are satisfied. We drew down $275 million on the term loan and used $140 million of the proceeds to pay-off the term loan that was outstanding as of April 30, 2016. We had $2.9 million and $3.0 million standby letters of credit issued under our long-term debt arrangements as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We had a total of $7.4 million and $8.1 million of standby letters of credits with other financial institutions as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The standby letters of credits were generally issued as a result of entering into office premise leases.
As part of the Legacy Hay acquisition, the Company has committed to a $40 million retention pool (of which $23.5 million has been paid) for certain employees of Legacy Hay subject to certain circumstances. The remaining balance will be payable within 45 days after November 30, 2018.
On December 8, 2014, the Board of Directors adopted a dividend policy to distribute, to our stockholders, a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share. Every quarter since the adoption of the dividend policy, the Company has declared a quarterly dividend. The declaration and payment of future dividends under the quarterly dividend
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program will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon many factors, including our earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions, the terms of our indebtedness and other factors our Board of Directors may deem to be relevant. Our Board of Directors may, however, amend, revoke or suspend our dividend policy at any time and for any reason.
On December 8, 2014, the Board of Directors also approved an increase in the Companys stock repurchase program to an aggregate of $150.0 million. Common stock may be repurchased from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions at the Companys discretion subject to market conditions and other factors. We repurchased approximately $33.1 million and $28.8 million of the Companys common stock during fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of April 30, 2018, $88.1 million remained available for common stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program. Any decision to continue to execute our currently outstanding share repurchase program will depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors. Our senior secured credit agreement requires that our pro forma leverage ratio, defined as the ratio of consolidated funded indebtedness to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, is no greater than 2.50 to 1.00, and our pro forma domestic liquidity is at least $50.0 million, including undrawn amounts on our revolving credit facility as a condition to consummating permitted acquisitions, paying dividends to our stockholders and share repurchases of our common stock.
Our performance is subject to the general level of economic activity in the geographic regions and the industries which we service. We believe, based on current economic conditions, that our cash on hand and funds from operations and the Credit Agreement we entered into on June 15, 2016 will be sufficient to meet anticipated working capital, capital expenditures, general corporate requirements, repayment of the debt incurred in connection with the Legacy Hay acquisition, the retention pool obligations in connection with the Legacy Hay acquisition, shares repurchases and dividend payments under our dividend policy during the next twelve months. However, if the national or global economy, credit market conditions and/or labor markets were to deteriorate in the future, such changes could put negative pressure on demand for our services and affect our operating cash flows. If these conditions were to persist over an extended period of time, we may incur negative cash flows and it might require us to access our existing credit facility to meet our capital needs and/or discontinue our share repurchases and dividend policy.
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities were $657.9 million and $530.8 million as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Net of amounts held in trust for deferred compensation plans and accrued bonuses, cash and marketable securities were $312.4 million and $245.1 million at April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, we held $207.6 million and $165.8 million, respectively of cash and cash equivalents in foreign locations, net of amounts held in trust for deferred compensation plans and to pay fiscal 2018 and 2017 annual bonuses. We have not provided deferred income taxes on approximately $492.3 million of undistributed earnings from our foreign subsidiaries as such earnings are intended to be reinvested indefinitely. If a distribution of these earnings was to be made, we may be subject to state income and foreign withholding taxes. An estimate of such taxes, however, is not practicable. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. Marketable securities consist of mutual funds. The primary objectives of our investment in mutual funds are to meet the obligations under certain of our deferred compensation plans.
As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, marketable securities of $137.1 million (net of gross unrealized gains of $11.0 million and gross unrealized losses of $1.0 million) and $119.9 million (net of gross unrealized gains of $6.7 million and gross unrealized losses of $0.6 million), respectively, were held in trust for settlement of our obligations under certain deferred compensation plans, of which $122.8 million and $115.6 million, respectively, are classified as non-current. These marketable securities were held to satisfy vested obligations totaling $118.2 million and $99.5 million as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Unvested obligations under the deferred compensation plans totaled $29.5 million and $37.6 million as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The net increase in our working capital of $70.7 million as of April 30, 2018 compared to April 30, 2017 is primarily attributable to an increase in cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable, offset by an increase in compensation and benefits payable. The increase in cash and cash equivalents is due to cash provided by operations. Accounts receivable and compensation and benefits payable increased due an increase in fee
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revenue and overall profitability of the Company. Cash provided by operating activities was $219.1 million in fiscal 2018, an increase of $113.0 million, compared to $106.1 million in fiscal 2017.
Cash used in investing activities was $44.8 million in fiscal 2018, an increase of $24.2 million, compared to $20.6 million in the year-ago period. Cash used in investing activities was higher due to a decrease in proceeds from sales/maturities of marketable securities, offset by less cash used for the purchases of property and equipment and higher proceeds from life insurance policies in fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017.
Cash used in financing activities was $77.3 million in fiscal 2018 compared to cash provided by financing activities of $64.4 million in fiscal 2017. The change from cash provided by financing activities to cash used in financing activities was primarily due to a decrease of $135.0 million in proceeds from our term loan facility net of pay-off of the term loan that was outstanding as of April 30, 2016, and an increase of shares repurchased under the stock repurchase program of $4.3 million in fiscal 2018 compared to the year-ago period.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements and have not entered into any transactions involving unconsolidated, special purpose entities.
Contractual Obligations
Contractual obligations represent future cash commitments and liabilities under agreements with third parties and exclude contingent liabilities for which we cannot reasonably predict future payment. The following table represents our contractual obligations as of April 30, 2018:
Payments Due in: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note (1) | Total |
Less Than 1 Year |
1-3 Years | 3-5 Years |
More Than 5 Years |
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(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease commitments |
14 | $ | 392,824 | $ | 66,071 | $ | 118,939 | $ | 91,628 | $ | 116,186 | |||||||||||||
Accrued restructuring charges (2) |
7 | 3,760 | 2,436 | 1,324 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest payments on COLI loans (3) |
10 | 36,699 | 3,776 | 7,551 | 7,432 | 17,940 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retention awards |
12 | 16,500 | 16,500 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Term loan |
10 | 238,906 | 25,781 | 55,000 | 158,125 | | ||||||||||||||||||
Estimated interest on term loan (4) |
| 19,867 | 7,277 | 11,953 | 637 | | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
$ | 708,556 | $ | 121,841 | $ | 194,767 | $ | 257,822 | $ | 134,126 | ||||||||||||||
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(1) | See Note in the accompanying consolidated financial statements in Item 15. |
(2) | Represents rent payments, net of sublease income on an undiscounted basis and severance costs. |
(3) | Assumes COLI loans remain outstanding until receipt of death benefits on COLI policies and applies current interest rates on COLI loans ranging from 4.76% to 8.00% with total death benefits payable, net of loans under COLI contracts of $226.0 million at April 30, 2018. |
(4) | Interest rate used is the variable rate per the credit agreement as of April 30, 2018 for outstanding balance on the term loan. |
In addition to the contractual obligations above, we have liabilities related to certain employee benefit plans. These liabilities are recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The obligations related to these employee benefit plans are described in Note 6Deferred Compensation and Retirement Plans, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Lastly, we have contingent commitments under certain employment agreements that are payable upon involuntary, termination without cause, as described in Note 14Commitments and Contingencies, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cash Surrender Value of Company Owned Life Insurance Policies, Net of Loans
The Company purchased COLI policies or contracts insuring the lives of certain employees eligible to participate in the deferred compensation and pension plans as a means of funding benefits under such plans. As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, we held contracts with gross CSV of $186.8 million and $180.3 million, respectively. Total outstanding borrowings against the CSV of COLI contracts were $66.7 million and $67.2 million as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Such borrowings do not require annual principal repayments, bear interest primarily
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at variable rates and are secured by the CSV of COLI contracts. At April 30, 2018 and 2017, the net cash value of these policies was $120.1 million and $113.1 million, respectively. Total death benefits payable, net of loans under COLI contracts, were $226.0 million and $220.6 million at April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Long-Term Debt
On June 15, 2016, we entered into a senior secured $400 million Credit Agreement (the Credit Agreement) with a syndicate of banks and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as administrative agent. On June 8, 2018, in anticipation of the Plan, we entered into an amendment (the Amendment) to the Credit Agreement. The Amendment permits the KF Merger, and will become effective when certain conditions set forth therein, including consummation of the KF Merger, are satisfied. The Credit Agreement provides for, among other things: (a) a senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $275 million (the Term Facility), (b) a senior secured revolving credit facility (the Revolver and together with the Term Facility, the Credit Facilities) in an aggregate principal amount of $125 million, (c) annual term loan amortization of 7.5%, 7.5%, 10.0%, 10.0% and 10.0%, with the remaining principal due at maturity, (d) certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio (as defined below) and a minimum interest coverage ratio and (e) an expanded definition of permitted add-backs to Adjusted EBITDA in recognition of the accelerated integration actions. Our credit agreement permits payment of dividends to stockholders and share repurchases so long as the pro forma leverage ratio is no greater than 2.50 to 1.00, and the pro forma domestic liquidity is at least $50.0 million. We drew down $275 million on the term loan and used $140 million of the proceeds to pay-off the term loan that was outstanding as of April 30, 2016.
At our option, loans issued under the Credit Agreement will bear interest at either LIBOR or an alternate base rate, in each case plus the applicable interest rate margin. The interest rate applicable to loans outstanding under the Credit Facilities may fluctuate between LIBOR plus 1.25% per annum to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum, in the case of LIBOR borrowings (or between the alternate base rate plus 0.25% per annum and the alternate base rate plus 1.00% per annum, in the alternative), based upon our total funded debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio (as set forth in the Credit Agreement, the consolidated leverage ratio) at such time. In addition, we will be required to pay to the lenders a quarterly fee ranging from 0.20% to 0.35% per annum on the average daily unused amount of the Term Facility, based upon our consolidated leverage ratio at such time and fees relating to the issuance of letters of credit. During fiscal 2018 and 2017, the average rate on the Term Facility was 2.60% and 2.23%, respectively.
Both the Revolver and the Term Facility mature on June 15, 2021 and may be prepaid and terminated early by us at any time without premium or penalty (subject to customary LIBOR breakage fees). The Term Facility is payable in quarterly installments with principal payments totalling $20.6 million and $15.5 million made during fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, $238.9 million and $259.5 million were outstanding under the Term Facility, respectively. The current and long-term portion of unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the long-term debt, was $2.7 million and $3.5 million as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The fair value of our Term Facility is based on borrowing rates currently required of loans with similar terms, maturity and credit risk. The carrying amount of the Term Facility approximates fair value because the base interest rate charged varies with market conditions and the credit spread is commensurate with current market spreads for issuers of similar risk. The fair value of the Term Facility is classified as a Level 2 liability in the fair value hierarchy. As of April 30, 2018, we were in compliance with our debt covenants.
As of April 30, 2018 and 2017, we had no borrowings under the Revolver. The Company had a total of $122.1 million and $122.0 million available under the Revolver after $2.9 million and $3.0 million standby letters of credit were issued as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We had a total of $7.4 million and $8.1 million of standby letters of credits with other financial institutions as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The standby letters of credits were generally issued as a result of entering into office premise leases.
We are not aware of any other trends, demands or commitments that would materially affect liquidity or those that relate to our resources.
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Accounting Developments
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) issued guidance on accounting for certain aspects of share-based payments to employees. The new guidance requires excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded in the income statement when the awards vest or are settled. Furthermore, cash flows related to excess tax benefits will no longer be separately classified as a financing activity apart from other income tax cash flows. The guidance also allows companies to repurchase more of an employees shares for tax withholding purposes without triggering liability accounting, clarifying that all cash payments made on an employees behalf for withheld shares should be presented as a financing activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows and provides an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. The provisions of the guidance are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and were adopted by us effective May 1, 2017. The primary impact of the adoption was the recognition of excess tax benefits in our provision for income taxes in the current year compared to recording it previously as a component of equity. Additional amendments to the accounting for income taxes and minimum statutory withholding tax requirements had no impact to retained earnings, where the cumulative effect of these changes are required to be recorded. We elected to apply the presentation for cash flows related to excess tax benefits retrospectively for all periods presented which resulted in an increase to cash provided by operations and decrease in cash provided by financing activities of $0.1 million and $4.9 million for fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively. The presentation requirements for cash flows related to employee taxes paid for withheld shares had no impact on any of the periods presented on our consolidated cash flows statements since such cash flows have historically been presented as a financing activity. We elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than estimating the expected forfeitures over the vesting period. This election did not have an impact on our financial statements.
In March 2018, the FASB issued guidance amending accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. The new guidance allows companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740 within a one-year measurement period from the Tax Act enactment date. This update was effective upon issuance. The amounts recorded as a result of the enactment of the Tax Act, specifically the impact of the Transition Tax and the remeasurement of deferred tax balances, are provisional estimates. We will continue to appropriately refine these amounts within the measurement period, which will be completed no later than December 22, 2018.
Recently Issued Accounting StandardsNot Yet Adopted
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, which superseded revenue recognition requirements regarding contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or for the transfer of nonfinancial assets. Under this new guidance, entities are required to recognize revenue that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The transfer is considered to occur when the customer obtains control of the goods or services delivered. The guidance provides a five-step analysis to be performed on transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those annual years beginning after December 15, 2017. We will adopt this guidance in our fiscal year beginning May 1, 2018.
We organized a team and developed a project plan to guide the implementation. The project plan included working sessions to review, evaluate and document the arrangements with customers under our various reporting units to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements of the new standard.
We completed our evaluation of the impact of ASU 2014-09 for all our revenue streams and selected the modified retrospective method as the transition method, which will include a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The impact to recruitment process outsourcing, advisory and products revenue is not material, although there will be minor process changes to comply with ASU 2014-09. As to executive search and recruitment for non-executive professionals, the implementation of ASU 2014-09 will result in timing differences in the recognition of uptick revenue (uptick revenue occurs when a placements actual compensation is higher than the original estimated compensation). Currently we recognize uptick revenue as the amount becomes fixed and determinable. Under ASU 2014-09, however, upticks are considered variable consideration and we will be required to estimate upticks at contract inception and recognize the revenue over the service period.
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In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance on accounting for leases that generally requires all leases to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheet. The provisions of the guidance are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. We plan to adopt this guidance in fiscal year beginning May 1, 2019. The provisions of the guidance are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. We are still evaluating the effect this guidance will have on the consolidated financial statements. Based on our initial assessment, we expect that upon adoption we will report an increase in assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet as a result of recognizing right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to lease agreements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance provides clarification on specific cash flow issues regarding presentation and classification in the statement of cash flows with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The amendments in this update are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. We plan to adopt this guidance in our fiscal year beginning May 1, 2018. The provisions of the guidance are to be applied using a retrospective transition method. The adoption of this guidance is not anticipated to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance that clarifies the definition of a business. The new guidance assists a company when evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (disposals) of assets or businesses. The provisions of the guidance require that if the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is substantially concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, then it is not a business. The provisions of the guidance are effective for annual years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods, with early adoption permitted. We plan to adopt this guidance in our fiscal year beginning May 1, 2018. The provisions of the guidance are to be applied prospectively. The adoption of this guidance is not anticipated to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance simplifying the test for goodwill impairment. The new guidance simplifies the test for goodwill impairment by removing Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Companies will now perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting units fair value not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The amendments of this standard are effective for goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. We are evaluating the adoption timeline and the effects that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017, the FASB issued guidance that changes the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost. The new guidance will change the presentation of net periodic benefit cost related to employer sponsored defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefits. Service cost will be included within the same income statement line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period, while other components of net periodic benefit pension cost will be presented separately outside of operating income. Additionally, only service costs may be capitalized in assets. The amendments of this standard are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years. We will adopt this guidance in our fiscal year beginning May 1, 2018. The adoption of this standard is not anticipated to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued guidance clarifying the scope of modification accounting for stock compensation. The new standard provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. This pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, but early adoption is permitted. We will adopt this guidance in our fiscal year beginning May 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance is not anticipated to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued guidance amending and simplifying accounting for hedging activities. The new guidance will refine and expand strategies that qualify for hedge accounting and simplify the application of hedge
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accounting in certain situations. The amendments of this standard are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. We will adopt this guidance in our fiscal year beginning May 1, 2019. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.
In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance that provides companies the option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net to retained earnings resulting from the Tax Act. The new guidance requires companies to disclose whether they decided to reclassify the income tax effects of the Tax Act from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net to retained earnings and to disclose a policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, but early adoption is permitted. If companies elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects the guidance allows it to be recorded in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the Tax Act is recognized. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a result of our global operating activities, we are exposed to certain market risks, including foreign currency exchange fluctuations and fluctuations in interest rates. We manage our exposure to these risks in the normal course of our business as described below.
Foreign Currency Risk
Substantially all our foreign subsidiaries operations are measured in their local currencies. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the end of each reporting period and revenue and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange during the reporting period. Resulting translation adjustments are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net on our consolidated balance sheets.
Transactions denominated in a currency other than the reporting entitys functional currency may give rise to foreign currency gains or losses that impact our results of operations. Historically, we have not realized significant foreign currency gains or losses on such transactions. Foreign currency losses, on an after-tax basis, included in net income were $2.2 million and $8.7 million in fiscal 2018 and 2016, respectively. Foreign currency gains, on an after-tax basis, included in net income were $0.2 million in fiscal 2017.
Our exposure to foreign currency exchange rates is primarily driven by fluctuations involving the following currenciesU.S. Dollar, Canadian Dollar, Euro, Pound Sterling, Swiss Franc, Korean Won, Brazilian Real, Singapore Dollar, Mexican Peso, Indonesian Rupiah and Indian Rupee. Based on balances exposed to fluctuation in exchange rates between these currencies as of April 30, 2018, a 10% increase or decrease equally in the value of these currencies could result in a foreign exchange gain or loss of $9.7 million. We have a program that primarily utilizes foreign currency forward contracts to offset the risks associated with the effects of certain foreign currency exposures. These foreign currency forward contracts are neither used for trading purposes nor are they designated as hedging instruments pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to interest rate risk is limited to our Term Facility and borrowings against the CSV of COLI contracts. As of April 30, 2018, there was $238.9 million outstanding under the Term Facility. At our option, loans issued under the Credit Facilities bear interest at either LIBOR or an alternate base rate, in each case plus the applicable interest rate margin. The interest rate applicable to loans outstanding under the Credit Facilities may fluctuate between LIBOR plus 1.25% per annum to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum, in the case of LIBOR borrowings (or between the alternate base rate plus 0.25% per annum and the alternate base rate plus 1.00% per annum, in the alternative), based upon our total funded debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio (as set forth in the Credit Agreement, the consolidated leverage ratio) at such time. In addition, we are required to pay the lenders a quarterly fee ranging from 0.20% to 0.35% per annum on the average daily unused amount of the Term Facility, based upon our consolidated leverage ratio at such time and fees relating to the issuance of letters of credit. A 100 basis point increase in LIBOR rates would have increased our interest expense by approximately $2.5 million for fiscal 2018.
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During fiscal 2018, the average interest rate on the term loan was 2.60%. We had no borrowings under the Revolver as of April 30, 2018.
To mitigate the interest rate risk on our Term Facility, we entered into an interest rate swap contract with an initial notional amount of $129.8 million to hedge the variability to changes in cash flows attributable to interest rate risks caused by changes in interest rates related to our variable rate debt. We have designated the swap as a cash flow hedge. The notional amount is amortized so that the amount is always 50% of the principal balance of the debt outstanding. As of April 30, 2018, the notional amount was $119.5 million. The interest rate swap agreement matures on June 15, 2021 and locks the interest rates on 50% of our outstanding debt at 1.919%, exclusive of the credit spread on the debt.
We had $66.7 million and $67.2 million of borrowings against the CSV of COLI contracts as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, bearing interest primarily at variable rates. The risk of fluctuations in these variable rates is minimized by the fact that we receive a corresponding adjustment to our borrowed funds crediting rate which has the effect of increasing the CSV on our COLI contracts.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
See Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Supplemental Financial Information regarding quarterly results is contained in Note 15Quarterly Results, in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not applicable.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
a) | Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. |
As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, management, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. Based on their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures conducted as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act)) are effective.
b) | Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. |
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth fiscal quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. See Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting on pages F-2 and F-3, respectively.
On June 25, 2018, Korn/Ferry International (the Company) filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the Certificate of Amendment) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to implement amendments approved at the Companys 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders that remove the supermajority voting standard for future amendments to the Bylaws approved by the stockholders and the supermajority voting standard to amend action by written consent right. The Certificate of Amendment became effective immediately upon filing.
Upon the effectiveness of the Certificate of Amendment on June 25, 2018, the Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the Restated Certificate) was further restated to reflect the Certificate of Amendment, a conforming amendment to the Companys Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws (the Bylaws) became effective, and the
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Bylaws were restated as the Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws to reflect the conforming amendment. The conforming amendment was to Article V, Section 7 of the Bylaws, and provides that in order for stockholders to alter, amend or repeal the Bylaws, such action must be approved by the affirmative vote of at least the majority vote standard set forth in Article VI of the Certificate, instead of two-thirds of the voting power of the Companys outstanding shares.
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Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this Item will be included under the captions The Board of Directors and Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance and elsewhere in our 2018 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. The information under the heading Executive Officers of the Registrant in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is also incorporated by reference in this section.
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer (who is our Chief Executive Officer), principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer (who is our Chief Financial Officer) and senior financial officers, or persons performing similar functions. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on the Investor Relations portion of our website at http://ir.kornferry.com. We intend to disclose future amendments to certain provisions of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics granted to executive officers and directors on our website within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item will be included under the captions Compensation Discussion and Analysis and Compensation of Executive Officers and Directors and elsewhere in our 2018 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item will be included under the caption Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and elsewhere in our 2018 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item will be included under the caption Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and elsewhere in our 2018 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this Item will be included under the captions Fees Paid to Ernst & Young LLP, and Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures, and elsewhere in our 2018 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
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Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Financial Statements.
(a) | The following documents are filed as part of this report: |
1. | Index to Financial Statements: | Page | ||||
See Consolidated Financial Statements included as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts. Pursuant to Rule 7-05 of Regulation S-X, the other schedules have been omitted as the information to be set forth therein is included in the notes of the audited consolidated financial statements | F-1 |
Exhibits:
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* | Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement. |
** | Schedules omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request. |
^ | Confidential treatment was granted for portions of this exhibit which have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
+ | Incorporated herein by reference. |
None
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Korn/Ferry International | ||
By: /s/ Robert P. Rozek |
||
Robert P. Rozek |
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Corporate Officer
Date: June 28, 2018
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each of the undersigned officers and directors of the registrant hereby constitutes and appoints Jonathan M. Kuai and Gary D. Burnison, and each of them, as lawful attorney-in-fact and agent for each of the undersigned (with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for and in the name, place and stead of each of the undersigned officers and directors), to sign and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, any and all amendments, supplements and exhibits to this report and any and all other documents in connection therewith, hereby granting unto said attorneys-in-fact, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary or desirable to be done in order to effectuate the same as fully and to all intents and purposes as each of the undersigned might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or any of their substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date |
||||||
/s/ GEORGE T. SHAHEEN George T. Shaheen |
Chairman of the Board and Director | June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ GARY D. BURNISON Gary D. Burnison |
President & Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director |
June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ ROBERT P. ROZEK Robert P. Rozek |
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Corporate Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ DOYLE N. BENEBY Doyle N. Beneby |
Director | June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ WILLIAM R. FLOYD William R. Floyd |
Director | June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ CHRISTINA A. GOLD Christina A. Gold |
Director | June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ JERRY LEAMON Jerry Leamon |
Director | June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ ANGEL MARTINEZ Angel Martinez |
Director | June 28, 2018 | ||||||
/s/ DEBRA J. PERRY Debra J. Perry |
Director | June 28, 2018 |
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KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
APRIL 30, 2018
F-1
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INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management of Korn/Ferry International (the Company) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. As defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or supervised by, the issuers principal executive and principal financial officers, and effected by the issuers board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The Companys internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures, that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Companys assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Companys management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In connection with the preparation of the Companys annual financial statements, management of the Company has undertaken an assessment of the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2018 based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Managements assessment included an evaluation of the design of the Companys internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
Based on this assessment, management did not identify any material weakness in the Companys internal control over financial reporting, and management has concluded that the Companys internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2018.
Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Companys financial statements for the year ended April 30, 2018 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2018, a copy of which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
June 28, 2018
F-2
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of Korn/Ferry International
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Korn/Ferry International and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Korn/Ferry International and subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2018, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2018 and the related notes and the financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 15(a) and our report dated June 28, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/Ernst & Young LLP
Los Angeles, California
June 28, 2018
F-3
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of Korn/Ferry International
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Korn/Ferry International and subsidiaries (the Company) as of April 30, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2018 and the related notes and the financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at April 30, 2018 and 2017, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2018, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated June 28, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/Ernst & Young LLP
We have served as the Companys auditor since 2002
Los Angeles, California
June 28, 2018
F-4
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KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
April 30, | ||||||||
2018 | 2017 | |||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) |
||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 520,848 | $ | 410,882 | ||||
Marketable securities |
14,293 | 4,363 | ||||||
Receivables due from clients, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $17,845 and
$15,455, |
384,996 | 345,314 | ||||||
Income taxes and other receivables |
29,089 | 31,573 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
65,033 | 51,542 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
1,014,259 | 843,674 | ||||||
Marketable securities, non-current |
122,792 | 115,574 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
119,901 | 109,567 | ||||||
Cash surrender value of company owned life insurance policies, net of loans |
120,087 | 113,067 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes, net |
25,520 | 20,175 | ||||||
Goodwill |
584,222 | 576,865 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
203,216 | 217,319 | ||||||
Investments and other assets |
97,917 | 66,657 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 2,287,914 | $ | 2,062,898 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 35,196 | $ | 37,481 | ||||
Income taxes payable |
23,034 | 4,526 | ||||||
Compensation and benefits payable |
304,980 | 248,354 | ||||||
Term loan |
24,911 | 19,754 | ||||||
Other accrued liabilities |
170,339 | 148,464 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
558,460 | 458,579 | ||||||
Deferred compensation and other retirement plans |
227,729 | 219,905 | ||||||
Term loan, non-current |
211,311 | 236,222 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
9,105 | 7,014 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
61,694 | 54,130 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities |
1,068,299 | 975,850 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock: $0.01 par value, 150,000 shares authorized, 71,631 and 70,811 shares issued at
April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 56,517 and 56,938 shares outstanding |
683,942 | 692,527 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
572,800 | 461,976 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net |
(40,135 | ) | (71,064 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Korn/Ferry International stockholders equity |
1,216,607 | 1,083,439 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
3,008 | 3,609 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total stockholders equity |
1,219,615 | 1,087,048 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 2,287,914 | $ | 2,062,898 | ||||
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
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KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
Fee revenue |
$ | 1,767,217 | $ | 1,565,521 | $ | 1,292,112 | ||||||
Reimbursed out-of-pocket engagement expenses |
52,302 | 56,148 | 54,602 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total revenue |
1,819,519 | 1,621,669 | 1,346,714 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Compensation and benefits |
1,203,619 | 1,071,507 | 897,345 | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
237,390 | 226,232 | 213,018 | |||||||||
Reimbursed expenses |
52,302 | 56,148 | 54,602 | |||||||||
Cost of services |
73,658 | 71,482 | 59,824 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
48,588 | 47,260 | 36,220 | |||||||||
Restructuring charges, net |
78 | 34,600 | 33,013 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating expenses |
1,615,635 | 1,507,229 | 1,294,022 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Operating income |
203,884 | 114,440 | 52,692 | |||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
11,525 | 11,820 | (4,167 | ) | ||||||||
Interest (expense) income, net |
(9,676 | ) | (10,251 | ) | 237 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Income before provision for income taxes and |
205,733 | 116,009 | 48,762 | |||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net |
297 | 333 | 1,631 | |||||||||
Income tax provision |
70,133 | 29,104 | 18,960 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net income |
135,897 | 87,238 | 31,433 | |||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
(2,118 | ) | (3,057 | ) | (520 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net income attributable to Korn/Ferry International |
$ | 133,779 | $ | 84,181 | $ | 30,913 | ||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
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Earnings per common share attributable to Korn/Ferry International: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 2.39 | $ | 1.48 | $ | 0.58 | ||||||
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|
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Diluted |
$ | 2.35 | $ | 1.47 | $ | 0.58 | ||||||
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|
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|
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Weighted-average common shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
55,426 | 56,205 | 52,372 | |||||||||
|
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|
|
|
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Diluted |
56,254 | 56,900 | 52,929 | |||||||||
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|
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Cash dividends declared per share |
$ | 0.40 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.40 | ||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Table of Contents
KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 135,897 | $ | 87,238 | $ | 31,433 | ||||||
Other comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
22,900 | (19,266 | ) | (15,428 | ) | |||||||
Deferred compensation and pension plan adjustments, net of tax |
6,054 | 6,445 | (1,864 | ) | ||||||||
Unrealized losses on marketable securities, net of tax |
| | (4 | ) | ||||||||
Net unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax |
1,915 | (578 | ) | | ||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|||||||
Comprehensive income |
166,766 | 73,839 | 14,137 | |||||||||
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
(2,058 | ) | (2,811 | ) | (512 | ) | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
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Comprehensive income attributable to Korn/Ferry International |
$ | 164,708 | $ | 71,028 | $ | 13,625 | ||||||
|
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|
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|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Table of Contents
KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Retained Earnings |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net |
Total Korn/Ferry International Stockholders Equity |
Noncontrolling Interest |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at May 1, 2015 |
50,573 | $ | 463,839 | $ | 392,033 | $ | (40,623 | ) | $ | 815,249 | $ | | $ | 815,249 | ||||||||||||||
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest in Mexico |
| | | | | 1,489 | 1,489 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income |
| | 30,913 | (17,288 | ) | 13,625 | 512 | 14,137 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
| | (21,833 | ) | | (21,833 | ) | | (21,833 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of stock |
(215 | ) | (7,410 | ) | | | (7,410 | ) | | (7,410 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock |
6,914 | 222,456 | | | 222,456 | | 222,456 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation |
| 18,305 | | | 18,305 | | 18,305 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock |
| 4,908 | | | 4,908 | | 4,908 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Balance at April 30, 2016 |
57,272 | 702,098 | 401,113 | (57,911 | ) | 1,045,300 | 2,001 | 1,047,301 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income |
| | 84,181 | (13,153 | ) | 71,028 | 2,811 | 73,839 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
| | (23,318 | ) | | (23,318 | ) | | (23,318 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest |
| | | | | (1,203 | ) | (1,203 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of stock |
(1,346 | ) | (33,579 | ) | | | (33,579 | ) | | (33,579 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock |
1,012 | 5,886 | | | 5,886 | | 5,886 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation |
| 18,045 | | | 18,045 | | 18,045 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock |
| 77 | | | 77 | | 77 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Balance at April 30, 2017 |
56,938 | 692,527 | 461,976 | (71,064 | ) | 1,083,439 | 3,609 | 1,087,048 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income |
| | 133,779 | 30,929 | 164,708 | 2,058 | 166,766 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
| | (22,955 | ) | | (22,955 | ) | | (22,955 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest |
| | | | | (2,659 | ) | (2,659 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of stock |
(1,092 | ) | (36,865 | ) | | | (36,865 | ) | | (36,865 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock |
671 | 7,998 | | | 7,998 | | 7,998 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation |
| 20,282 | | | 20,282 | | 20,282 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Balance at April 30, 2018 |
56,517 | $ | 683,942 | $ | 572,800 | $ | (40,135 | ) | $ | 1,216,607 | $ | 3,008 | $ | 1,219,615 | ||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-8
Table of Contents
KORN/FERRY INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended April 30, | ||||||||||||
2018 | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 135,897 | $ | 87,238 | $ | 31,433 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
48,588 | 47,260 | 36,220 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
21,469 | 18,958 | 18,895 | |||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts |
13,675 | 12,987 | 8,570 | |||||||||
Gain on cash surrender value of life insurance policies |
(7,776 | ) | (4,918 | ) | (3,984 | ) | ||||||
(Gain) loss on marketable securities |
(10,278 | ) | (10,842 | ) | 3,333 | |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(6,564 | ) | 6,589 | (13,792 | ) | |||||||
Change in other assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions: |
||||||||||||
Deferred compensation |
27,660 | 6,868 | (4,605 | ) | ||||||||
Receivables due from clients |
(53,357 | ) | (42,326 | ) | (16,622 | ) | ||||||
Income taxes and other receivables |
2,093 | (10,177 | ) | (191 | ) | |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
(13,491 | ) | (8,485 | ) | (6,310 | ) | ||||||
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries |
(297 | ) | (333 | ) | (1,631 | ) | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
32,439 | 205 | 686 | |||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
66,081 | 5,420 | 18,862 | |||||||||
Other |
(37,014 | ) | (2,303 | ) | (1,875 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
219,125 | 106,141 | 68,989 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||||||
Purchase of property and equipment |
(42,000 | ) | (50,088 | ) | (26,144 | ) | ||||||
Purchase of marketable securities |
(9,462 | ) | (10,536 | ) | (30,397 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sales/maturities of marketable securities |
2,642 | 42,815 | 30,066 | |||||||||
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired and earnout |
| (2,880 | ) | (256,082 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of Mexico subsidiary, net of cash acquired |
| | 3,973 | |||||||||
Premiums on company-owned life insurance policies |
(1,614 | ) | (1,597 | ) | (1,623 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from life insurance policies |
5,355 | 1,117 | 3,256 | |||||||||